A fluid actuated linear drive includes a drive housing and a drive member which is movable between two stroke end positions. The drive member has a drive unit with a drive piston which divides off two drive chambers from one another, the drive chambers via two housing channels being connected to axial housing coupling openings which are arranged on a housing rear side. A multi-function module is built onto the housing rear side in a position of use and includes components of an external end position setting device for the drive member and is furthermore provided with module block channel systems which communicate with the housing channels and can be used for the feed and discharge of a drive fluid when the multifunction module is built onto the drive housing in the position of use.

A speed controller capable of controlling an action speed of an external cylinder in one stroke in a step-wise manner. The speed controller includes a first flow path and a second flow path that allow a first port and a second port to be in communication with each other. The first flow path is provided with a first check valve for allowing flow from the first port to the second port. The second flow path is provided with a first needle valve, and an opening hole of the first check valve is constituted as a part of a flow path. The first needle valve adjusts the flow rate by changing an opening area of the opening hole with a tip portion fixed on a piston in the cylinder chamber. The speed controller further includes a third flow path allowing the first port and the cylinder chamber to be in communication with each other. The third flow path is provided with a second check valve for allowing flow from the first port to the cylinder chamber.

A speed controller capable of controlling an action speed of an external cylinder in one stroke in a step-wise manner. The speed controller includes a first flow path and a second flow path that allow a first port and a second port to be in communication with each other. The first flow path is provided with a first check valve for allowing flow from the first port to the second port. The second flow path is provided with a first needle valve, and an opening hole of the first check valve is constituted as a part of a flow path. The first needle valve adjusts the flow rate by changing an opening area of the opening hole with a tip portion fixed on a piston in the cylinder chamber. The speed controller further includes a third flow path allowing the first port and the cylinder chamber to be in communication with each other. The third flow path is provided with a second check valve for allowing flow from the first port to the cylinder chamber.

An obstacle detector of a construction vehicle includes a brake mechanism which includes: a first hydraulic closed circuit including a pump for rolling, which is equipped with a swash plate, and a motor for rolling, which is connected with the pump for rolling; a second hydraulic closed circuit including a first hydraulic passage communicating with one side of the pump for rolling and a second hydraulic passage communicating with another side of the pump for rolling, to actuate the swash plate; and a neutral valve provided in the second closed circuit. When an emergency brake is activated, at least one of a compressive returning force to compress a low-pressure side of the tilted swash plate for returning the swash plate to a neutral position and a decompressive returning force to decompress a high-pressure side of the swash plate for returning the swash plate to the neutral position is generated.

An obstacle detector of a construction vehicle includes a brake mechanism which includes: a first hydraulic closed circuit including a pump for rolling, which is equipped with a swash plate, and a motor for rolling, which is connected with the pump for rolling; a second hydraulic closed circuit including a first hydraulic passage communicating with one side of the pump for rolling and a second hydraulic passage communicating with another side of the pump for rolling, to actuate the swash plate; and a neutral valve provided in the second closed circuit. When an emergency brake is activated, at least one of a compressive returning force to compress a low-pressure side of the tilted swash plate for returning the swash plate to a neutral position and a decompressive returning force to decompress a high-pressure side of the swash plate for returning the swash plate to the neutral position is generated.

A gas cylinder includes supply passages for supplying, to an accommodation chamber, a part of gas supplied to a second port. When the pressure in a first pressure chamber is equal to or lower than a prescribed pressure, a valve element closes a discharge flow passage by the biasing force of a spring member and the pressure in the accommodation chamber. When the pressure in the first pressure chamber exceeds the prescribed pressure, the valve element is moved by the pressure in the first pressure chamber, against the biasing force and the pressure in the accommodation chamber, to thereby open the discharge flow passage.

Apparatus and methods for making puffed food products are disclosed. In one implementation, an innovative process may include improved configurations and control of hydraulic drive cylinder(s) to more swiftly and precisely apply pressures to heatable mold elements during production of puffed food products. According to one particular implementation, in order to drive a first hydraulic piston to move at least one movable mold element to a desired position, a second hydraulic piston may be first positioned to set up an adjustable hard-stop based on the desired position, such that the first hydraulic piston may rapidly drive the moveable mold element to stop at precisely the desired position.

Apparatus and methods for making puffed food products are disclosed. In one implementation, an innovative process may include improved configurations and control of hydraulic drive cylinder(s) to more swiftly and precisely apply pressures to heatable mold elements during production of puffed food products. According to one particular implementation, in order to drive a first hydraulic piston to move at least one movable mold element to a desired position, a second hydraulic piston may be first positioned to set up an adjustable hard-stop based on the desired position, such that the first hydraulic piston may rapidly drive the moveable mold element to stop at precisely the desired position.

A system for detecting and controlling the position of a spoiler of an aircraft wing is described herein comprising: a hydraulic actuator having a piston rod operably connected to the spoiler, the piston rod being moveable between a retracted position, a neutral position and an extended position; and means for providing power to said hydraulic actuator; and a mechanical device for detecting whether the piston rod is in the retracted position, the neutral position or the extended position; and means, operatively connected to the mechanical device, that is configured to provide a change in a load applied to said hydraulic actuator, wherein said means is configured to change said load based on whether said piston rod is detected as being in said retracted position or said extended position.

A system for detecting and controlling the position of a spoiler of an aircraft wing is described herein comprising: a hydraulic actuator having a piston rod operably connected to the spoiler, the piston rod being moveable between a retracted position, a neutral position and an extended position; and means for providing power to said hydraulic actuator; and a mechanical device for detecting whether the piston rod is in the retracted position, the neutral position or the extended position; and means, operatively connected to the mechanical device, that is configured to provide a change in a load applied to said hydraulic actuator, wherein said means is configured to change said load based on whether said piston rod is detected as being in said retracted position or said extended position.