An improved railway car axle has a generally hollow cylindrical elongated body. The axle includes a journal near either end adapted to receive a bearing, and a dust guard adjacent the journals. A wheel seat is adjacent the dust guard and is adapted to receive a railway wheel thereon. The axial center interior portion of the railway axle is generally hollow. The railway axle is comprised of a steel with specified alloy range, mechanical properties and is of specified internal and external dimensions to allow the axle to be formed in a forging operation and to be utilized in heavy haul railway freight car service.

The present invention resides in a sensorized roller of a roller bearing. The sensorized roller includes a roller bore that accommodates a measuring device for measuring deformation of the roller bore and electronics for processing a deformation signal from the measuring device and wirelessly transmitting the processed deformation signal to an external receiver. According to the invention, the measuring device and electronics are mounted in a rigid housing that is shaped to fit within the roller bore. A radially outer surface of the housing includes at least one aperture associated with the measuring device. Furthermore, the rigid housing is resiliently mounted to the roller bore via first and second sealing elements that enclose a radial gap between a radially inner surface of the roller bore and a radially outer surface of the housing.

Provided is a large crankshaft comprising a pin fillet portion, wherein: an average initial compression stress in a surface layer region from a surface of the pin fillet portion to a depth of 500 m is 500 Mpa or more; an average Vickers hardness of the surface of the pin fillet portion is 600 or more; an arithmetic average roughness Ra of the surface of the pin fillet portion is 1.0 m or less; and an average prior austenite grain size of a metallographic structure is 100 m or less. The large crankshaft has composition comprising C: 0.2% by mass to 0.4% by mass, Si: 0% by mass to 1.0% by mass, Mn: 0.2% by mass to 2.0% by mass, Al: 0.005% by mass to 0.1% by mass, N: 0.001% by mass to 0.02% by mass, and a balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.

A rotor bearing having a rolling bearing raceway in an unhardened core region of a rolling bearing ring element that further includes an outer layer hardened to a surface hardening depth wherein the rolling bearing raceway is formed by a roll, wherein a diameter of the roll is 8 to 25 times the surface hardening depth.

A roller of a roller bearing providing a hollow bore in which a load cell is arranged, for measuring a radial load acting on the roller. The load cell is mounted to the roller bore in a non-fixed manner and includes one or more cantilever beams that extend in an axial direction of the roller. A contact element is provided on each cantilever beam. Each element further bears against a surface of the roller bore. At least one sensor is provided on each cantilever beam for measuring bending thereof, due to deflection of the beam in a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction.

The present invention defines a roller of a roller bearing providing a hollow bore in which a load cell is arranged, for measuring a radial load acting on the roller. The load cell is mounted to the roller bore in a non-fixed manner and includes one or more cantilever beams that extend in an axial direction of the roller. A contact element is provided on each cantilever beam. Each element further bears against a surface of the roller bore. At least one sensor is provided on each cantilever beam for measuring bending thereof, due to deflection of the beam in a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction.

A crankshaft with improved fatigue strength is provided. A crankshaft 10 includes journals 11, pins 12, and fillets 14, each fillet 14 having a residual stress distribution where the residual stresses are compressive residual stresses from the surface down to a depth of at least 300 m, the maximum value of the compressive residual stress being not lower than 1000 MPa, the surface roughness Rz being lower than 3.00 m.