A coil spring for use in a cavity, such as in a groove of a pin, a housing, or both. The cavity can also be part of a seal assembly. The coil spring can have a longitudinal component positioned within the plurality of interconnected coils that runs along the spring coil axis in order to increase rigidity of the coil spring. The longitudinal component applies a load against the coil spring and/or provides restriction against the coil spring taking a shape or size different than that of the coil spring retaining groove.

A coil spring for use in a cavity, such as in a groove of a pin, a housing, or both. The cavity can also be part of a seal assembly. The coil spring can have a longitudinal component positioned within the plurality of interconnected coils that runs along the spring coil axis in order to increase rigidity of the coil spring. The longitudinal component applies a load against the coil spring and/or provides restriction against the coil spring taking a shape or size different than that of the coil spring retaining groove.

An exhaust gas turbocharger may include a rotor mounted in a bearing housing via a rolling bearing. The rolling bearing may include an outer shell, an inner shell and rolling bodies running therebetween. At least one annular and vibrational noise absorbing diaphragm spring element may be arranged between the outer shell of the rolling bearing and the bearing housing. The diaphragm spring element may mount the rotor in radial direction and axial direction in a vibration-insulating manner with respect to the bearing housing.

An exhaust gas turbocharger may include a rotor mounted in a bearing housing via a rolling bearing. The rolling bearing may include an outer shell, an inner shell and rolling bodies running therebetween. At least one annular and vibrational noise absorbing diaphragm spring element may be arranged between the outer shell of the rolling bearing and the bearing housing. The diaphragm spring element may mount the rotor in radial direction and axial direction in a vibration-insulating manner with respect to the bearing housing.

Disclosed are various exemplary embodiments of a track joint assembly. In one exemplary embodiment, the track joint assembly may include a first link having a first bore. The track joint assembly may also include a second link having a second bore. Additionally, the track joint assembly may include a pin positioned at least partially within the first bore. The track joint assembly may also include an inner bushing positioned coaxially around the pin, and at least partially within the second bore. In addition, the track joint assembly may include an outer bushing positioned coaxially around the inner bushing. The track joint assembly may also include a seal assembly positioned between the first link and the second link to form a hermetic seal between the first link and the second link.

An inexpensive ring spring having high strength and a method for producing the same, are provided. The ring spring can be obtained, for example, by raw material preparation, bending formation, welding, and disk formation performed in this order. The ring spring is formed to have no edge by welding two edge parts of the raw material, and has a welded metal part that is formed at the interface of the two edge parts of the raw material, and a welded heat-affected zone that is formed around the welded metal part and heated by welding, and exhibits tensile strength of 1000 MPa or more. Since the ring spring has sufficient tensile strength as a disk spring and a wave spring, quenching and tempering are not necessary. Furthermore, since the product can be prevented from being deformed due to quenching and tempering, dimensional accuracy of the product can be improved.

An inexpensive ring spring having high strength and a method for producing the same, are provided. The ring spring can be obtained, for example, by raw material preparation, bending formation, welding, and disk formation performed in this order. The ring spring is formed to have no edge by welding two edge parts of the raw material, and has a welded metal part that is formed at the interface of the two edge parts of the raw material, and a welded heat-affected zone that is formed around the welded metal part and heated by welding, and exhibits tensile strength of 1000 MPa or more. Since the ring spring has sufficient tensile strength as a disk spring and a wave spring, quenching and tempering are not necessary. Furthermore, since the product can be prevented from being deformed due to quenching and tempering, dimensional accuracy of the product can be improved.

An improved recoil reduction system comprises a forward body, a friction spring, a rear body, a bolt, and, optionally, a bumper. When in forward battery, the said friction spring is compressed to a preloaded operating point by the bolt. In embodiments, when a weapon equipped with the improved recoil reduction system is fired, the front body is impacted by the bolt carrier group of the weapon and the rear body moves aft and strikes the rear of the shoulder stock of the weapon, compressing the friction spring. During compression, the tapered mating surfaces of the friction spring generate friction and thereby dissipate the energy generated from firing the weapon in the form of heat, thus reducing the felt recoil of the weapon.

An annular cantilever beam spring is capable of exhibiting low friction and hysteresis and stiffness and specifically stiffness/volume far exceeding currently available COTS springs. The spring includes first and second sets of N stand-offs evenly positioned around opposing top and bottom surfaces of a flat annular beam at 360/N degree intervals and angularly offset with respect to each other by 360/2N degrees such that each said stand-off is evenly spaced between adjacent pairs of stand-offs on the opposing surface. The first and second sets of stand-offs are responsive to opposing axial loads to deflect the flat annular beam axially at each stand-off in opposing directions to induce a curvature to the annular beam and store energy in the beam. The spring stiffness is determined by the elastic material properties of the flat annular beam, not the initial geometry as is common with the COTS springs.

An annular cantilever beam spring is capable of exhibiting low friction and hysteresis and stiffness and specifically stiffness/volume far exceeding currently available COTS springs. The spring includes first and second sets of N stand-offs evenly positioned around opposing top and bottom surfaces of a flat annular beam at 360/N degree intervals and angularly offset with respect to each other by 360/2N degrees such that each said stand-off is evenly spaced between adjacent pairs of stand-offs on the opposing surface. The first and second sets of stand-offs are responsive to opposing axial loads to deflect the flat annular beam axially at each stand-off in opposing directions to induce a curvature to the annular beam and store energy in the beam. The spring stiffness is determined by the elastic material properties of the flat annular beam, not the initial geometry as is common with the COTS springs.