The present invention relates to spring systems for subsea applications and in equipment projects for the oil and gas industry. The spring systems according to the present invention are preferably manufactured from composite materials and comprise at least one pair of springs (3) consisting of a first spring component (1) and a second spring component (2), mounted so as to offer a first central contact region (4) and double curvature and rebound areas forming a coupling (6), said pair of springs (3) being, thus, self-centering.

A wire material for an elastic member includes: inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers that are wound in a spiral form; outer circumferential-side reinforced fibers that are provided on an outer circumference of the inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers; and thermosetting resin that is provided in at least a part of the inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers and the outer circumferential-side reinforced fibers and firmly fixes the reinforced fibers with each other. An angle formed by a winding direction of the inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers and a center axis of the winding is 70 to 110. A winding direction of the outer circumferential-side reinforced fibers with respect to a center axis of the winding is along a direction of a tensile load applied to the wire material for the elastic member in accordance with a load applying torsional stress to the wire material for the elastic member as an externally applied load.

A wire material for an elastic member includes: inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers that are wound in a spiral form; outer circumferential-side reinforced fibers that are provided on an outer circumference of the inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers; and thermosetting resin that is provided in at least a part of the inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers and the outer circumferential-side reinforced fibers and firmly fixes the reinforced fibers with each other. An angle formed by a winding direction of the inner circumferential-side reinforced fibers and a center axis of the winding is 70 to 110. A winding direction of the outer circumferential-side reinforced fibers with respect to a center axis of the winding is along a direction of a tensile load applied to the wire material for the elastic member in accordance with a load applying torsional stress to the wire material for the elastic member as an externally applied load.

A strut suitable for use in parallel manipulator and other applications utilizes an actuation member that is subjected to a quasi-static axial tensioning force to effectively preload the strut to provide axial stiffness and bending flexibility at one or more ends of the strut.

A strut suitable for use in parallel manipulator and other applications utilizes an actuation member that is subjected to a quasi-static axial tensioning force to effectively preload the strut to provide axial stiffness and bending flexibility at one or more ends of the strut.

A composite coil spring includes a coil body that extends along a coiled axis. The coil body includes a core and fiber layers impregnated with a polymer material. The fiber layers are arranged around the core at different radial distances from the coiled axis. Each fiber layer extend around the coiled axis at an oblique fiber angle to the coiled axis. The fiber layers include at least one glass fiber layer and at least one carbon fiber layer. Each fiber layer includes a number of fibers that is a product of a common base number of fibers multiplied by a positive non-zero integer from a set of positive non-zero integers. The positive non-zero integer of at least one of the fiber layers is different from the positive non-zero integer of at least one other of the fiber layers.

A torque transfer mechanism includes an input member to receive from a propulsion source, an input torque about an axis of rotation and an output member coupled to the input member to transfer the input torque to a downstream driveline component. The torque transfer mechanism also includes at least one clockspring to restrict relative rotation between the input member and the output member. The torque transfer further includes a mass plate coupled to the output member and configured to rotate about the axis of rotation. The torque transfer mechanism further includes a plurality of pendulum masses movably coupled to the mass plate wherein the clockspring is arranged to attenuate a first range of input torque vibration and a the plurality of pendulum masses are arranged to attenuate a second range of input torque vibration.

An energy-absorbing member includes a fiber structure. The fiber structure includes a first end face configured to first receive a load and a second end face opposite to the first end face in the direction that the load is applied. The fiber structure includes a shape retention section including the first end face, a main section that includes the second end face and hinders propagation of breakage of the fiber structure, and a trigger section that is located between the shape retention section and the main section and serves as a starting point of breakage when receiving an impact load. The shape retention section and the main section each have a woven structure that allows the shape retention section and the main section to have a higher interlayer bonding strength than the trigger section.

A composite coil spring includes a coil body that has a core and fiber layers impregnated with a polymer material. The fiber layers are wound around the core. The fiber layers extend around the coiled axis at oblique fiber angles. Each of the fiber layers includes a number of fibers that is a product of a common base number of fibers multiplied by a positive non-zero integer from a set of positive non-zero integers from 1 to 20. The positive non-zero integer of at least one of the fiber layers is different from the positive non-zero integer of at least one other of the fiber layers. At least one of the fibers layers is glass fibers and another of the fiber layers is carbon fibers, and each of an innermost fiber layer and an outmost fiber layer of the fiber layers is independently selected from glass fibers and carbon fibers.

The invention is an actuator device comprising a first and a second tappet, wherein the first tappet is movably arranged in a first guide sleeve and the second tappet is movably arranged in a second guide sleeve, wherein the first tappet in the first guide sleeve is surrounded by a first restoring spring and the second tappet in the second guide sleeve is surrounded by a second restoring spring, and wherein the guide sleeves are arranged at a fixed distance from each other, wherein the first restoring spring is a coil spring wound in the left-hand direction and the second restoring spring is a coil spring wound in the right-hand direction.