The present invention is an artificial grass block that can accommodate to the different sized cells of the similar grass pavement stones produced by different companies. The artificial grass block can bear an up to 10% size difference of the cells. The artificial grass block can carry out this function by its elastic, flexible positioning-fixing unit, which positions and fixes the artificial grass block inside the cell of a certain size range. The positioning-fixing unit is longer than the cell before insertion and deforms during insertion. This deformed positioning-fixing unit creates a tension that appropriately positions and firmly fixes the artificial grass block within the cell. EOIC 5/20 Pavings made of prefabricated single units; made of units of plastics; EOIC 9/225 Pavings specially adapted for allowing vegetation; EOIC 11/225 Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage; E03F 11/00 Water supply; sewerage; Sewers; Cesspools; E04F 13/24 Finishing work on buildings; Coverings or linings, Hidden fastening means on the rear of the covering or lining elements; F16B 2/00 Friction-grip releasable fastenings; F16F 1/36 Springs, made of plastics.

A buffer stopper capable of increasing an absorbable energy amount without causing changes in characteristics due to wear of a buffer body. In order to achieve the object, the buffer body containing a rubber elastic body disposed between an end surface formed in a housing and an end surface formed in a shaft which is relatively movable in the axial direction with respect to the housing and a wear resistant sheet which is provided so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the buffer body and which can contact an inner peripheral surface of the housing by expansion and deformation in the radial direction of the buffer body are provided.

A multilayer damping material for damping a vibrating surface comprising: at least one constraining layer; at least one dissipating layer; and at least one kinetic spacer layer comprising multiple spacer elements. The kinetic spacer layer is arranged between the constraining layer and the vibrating surface, when used for damping the vibrating surface. Each spacer element has opposite ends. At least one end of each of the multiple spacer elements is embedded in, bonded to, in contact with, or in close proximity to the dissipating layer, such that energy is dissipated within the multilayer damping material, through movement of the at least one end of each of the multiple spacer elements.

A passively damped mechanical system is disclosed, for example for use in aerospace applications where vibration can adversely affect navigational and operational instruments. In one example, the passively damped mechanical system includes an end fitting of a strut used to connect a structural element to a payload. The end fitting may include outer and inner cylindrical hubs, with a space between the outer and inner cylindrical hub at least partially filled with a viscoelastic material. In a further example, the passively damped mechanical system includes legs used to connect a structural element to a bracket configured to support a payload. Each leg may include a hollow interior having a lattice structure to add strength and a viscoelastic material to provide passive damping.

A spacer (1) for vibration-damped fastening of a mounting part (2) to a carrier part (3), wherein the spacer has a base body (4) with a first flange region (5) and a second flange region (6) which is opposite viewed in the longitudinal direction (L) of the base body and with a passage (7) in which a fastener (8) which is connected to the carrier part, can be received at least sectionally. The base body has an at least two-part design with a first body part (9) and at least a further, second body part (10), wherein the body parts can be detachable connected to one another to create the base body and wherein, in the connected state, a gap region (11) is provided between the first and second flange region, by which the border of a fastening hole (18) configured in the mounting part can be received.

There is provided a vibration control bush that allows improving durability. Formation of an outer periphery depressed portion 326 in an outer peripheral surface of a main body portion 20 forms a thickness dimension D3 in a radial direction of the main body portion 20 in a region overlapping with a projecting portion 340 in an axis 0 direction to be thinner than a thickness dimension D4 in another region where the projecting portion 340 is not formed. Accordingly, an outer diameter (a thickness in the radial direction) of the main body portion 20 in a compressed state of the projecting portion 340 is allowed to be easily made constant in a circumferential direction. This allows suppressing concentration of stress during the compression of the projecting portions 340 on a part of the main body portion 20, thereby ensuring improving durability of vibration control bushes 310 and 410.

There is provided a vibration control bush that allows improving durability. Formation of an outer periphery depressed portion 326 in an outer peripheral surface of a main body portion 20 forms a thickness dimension D3 in a radial direction of the main body portion 20 in a region overlapping with a projecting portion 340 in an axis 0 direction to be thinner than a thickness dimension D4 in another region where the projecting portion 340 is not formed. Accordingly, an outer diameter (a thickness in the radial direction) of the main body portion 20 in a compressed state of the projecting portion 340 is allowed to be easily made constant in a circumferential direction. This allows suppressing concentration of stress during the compression of the projecting portions 340 on a part of the main body portion 20, thereby ensuring improving durability of vibration control bushes 310 and 410.

A flexible spring element is made of a fiber-plastic composite material and has a cover layer made of a first fiber-plastic composite material on each of two outer sides lying opposite one another. Fibers are aligned parallel relative to one another at least in bundles within the cover layers and run parallel to the outer side associated with the respective cover layer. A curved portion extends where a center plane of the unloaded flexible spring element runs in a curved manner in a longitudinal direction of the flexible spring element. At least one longitudinal portion extends where the center plane of the unloaded flexible spring element has no significant curvature or has a reversal of curvature. In the curved portion the flexible spring element has a spacing extending element arranged between the two cover layers that is made of a different material than the two cover layers.

A flexible spring element is made of a fiber-plastic composite material and has a cover layer made of a first fiber-plastic composite material on each of two outer sides lying opposite one another. Fibers are aligned parallel relative to one another at least in bundles within the cover layers and run parallel to the outer side associated with the respective cover layer. A curved portion extends where a center plane of the unloaded flexible spring element runs in a curved manner in a longitudinal direction of the flexible spring element. At least one longitudinal portion extends where the center plane of the unloaded flexible spring element has no significant curvature or has a reversal of curvature. In the curved portion the flexible spring element has a spacing extending element arranged between the two cover layers that is made of a different material than the two cover layers.

An actuator for a camera according to an embodiment includes a base having an inner space formed therein, a carrier provided inside the base and configured to move in at least one direction among an optical axis direction, a first direction perpendicular to the optical axis and a second direction perpendicular to the optical axis and the first direction; and a damper provided to the carrier or the base and configured to have a shape extending in two or more directions among the optical axis direction, the first direction and the second direction.