An air spring includes a top plate, a bottom plate disposed with a distance in a main load direction from the top plate, and a diaphragm made of elastically deformable rubber and connected to the top plate and the bottom plate to form a closed space therebetween. A modulus of elasticity of a material constituting a connection section which is disposed in the top plate and the bottom plate and connected to the diaphragm is greater than a modulus of elasticity of the rubber constituting the diaphragm and smaller than a modulus of elasticity of aluminum.

An air spring includes a top plate, a bottom plate disposed with a distance in a main load direction from the top plate, and a diaphragm made of elastically deformable rubber and connected to the top plate and the bottom plate to form a closed space therebetween. A modulus of elasticity of a material constituting a connection section which is disposed in the top plate and the bottom plate and connected to the diaphragm is greater than a modulus of elasticity of the rubber constituting the diaphragm and smaller than a modulus of elasticity of aluminum.

An inertia-actuated valve assembly includes a valve housing, a valve body and a biasing element. The valve housing includes a groove that has an open end fluidically accessible from along one side thereof. The valve housing includes a flow channel extending therethrough in fluid communication with the groove from along an opposing side of the valve housing. The valve body is positioned within the groove of the valve housing such that the valve body and the valve housing are axially co-extensive along at least a portion thereof. The biasing element operatively engages the valve body and generates a biasing force urging the valve body in a first axial direction. The biasing force is greater than a predetermined dynamic gas pressure threshold value multiplied by a pressure area and is less than or approximately equal to a valve body mass multiplied by 2.5 times the nominal acceleration due to gravity.

A protection apparatus for an appliance supported by a tripod, the protection apparatus including: a tilt sensor, for alerting upon tilting of the tripod; and an airbag inflated upon the alerting for protecting the appliance. The airbag is shaped to comprise at least one of three protrusions, projected outward upon airbag inflation, each protrusion being directed in one of the common tilting directions perpendicular to and towards an imaginary line between feet of two tripod legs.

A brake-system damping device includes a first chamber, to which hydraulic pressure is to be applied, a second chamber, in which there is a compressible medium, and a first separating element for separating the first chamber from the second chamber. The brake-system damping device includes a third chamber, in which there is a compressible medium, and a second separating element for separating the second chamber from the third chamber. The second chamber is connected, for medium conduction, to the third chamber by means of a passage formed in the second separating element. A closure element is to be moved with the first separating element, by means of which closure element the passage is to be closed as soon as the hydraulic pressure has reached predefined pressure value in the first chamber.

A method of manufacturing a shock absorber includes inserting a floating piston into a tube, disposing oil into the tube, and inserting a piston-rod assembly into the tube. The piston-rod assembly has a piston coupled to a rod. The method includes inserting a rod guide assembly into the tube. The rod guide assembly includes a sintered metal rod guide having a seat and a seal disposed in the seat. The rod extends through the seal. The method also includes deforming a wall of the tube into engagement with the sintered metal rod guide to provide a piston-cylinder assembly and inhibit axial movement of the rod guide assembly relative to the tube. The method further includes pressurizing the piston-cylinder assembly and forming a flange portion of the tube over an upper surface of the sintered metal rod guide.

An impact absorbing apparatus includes a first chamber including a first chamber wall and a first valve disposed in the first chamber wall. The impact absorbing apparatus includes a second chamber including a second chamber wall and a second valve disposed in the second chamber wall. A plurality of connecting pillars connects the first chamber to the second chamber. The plurality of connecting pillars is configured to shift position in response to a first impact. The first valve is configured to pass air in and out of the first chamber. The second valve is configured to pass air in and out of the second chamber.

An impact absorbing apparatus includes a first chamber including a first chamber wall and a first valve disposed in the first chamber wall. The impact absorbing apparatus includes a second chamber including a second chamber wall and a second valve disposed in the second chamber wall. A plurality of connecting pillars connects the first chamber to the second chamber. The plurality of connecting pillars is configured to shift position in response to a first impact. The first valve is configured to pass air in and out of the first chamber. The second valve is configured to pass air in and out of the second chamber.

The present invention is directed to an air spring sleeve comprising: an outer layer, at least one reinforcing layer, and an inner layer that form the sleeve; the outer layer and the inner layer are formed of an elastomeric composition, with the proviso that the elastomeric composition does not comprise epichlorohydrin; and the at least one reinforcing layer comprises a plurality of reinforcing elements disposed between a layer of the elastomeric composition, wherein the elastomeric composition of the at least one reinforcing layer is identical to the elastomeric composition of the outer layer and the inner layer.

A protective device for a measuring apparatus which can be arranged on a tripod includes a housing having a threaded hole and a threaded pin, where the threaded hole is disposed in a housing lower side of the housing and the threaded pin is disposed in a housing upper side of the housing. The protective device further includes an airbag and a filling device having at least one gas-filled gas container, a control device, and an energy source. A connecting line connects the airbag and the filling device for gas exchange. The airbag surrounds a cylindrical interior space in an inflated state.