A body impact protection system includes an inner layer and an impact force dampening and defusing structure. The inner layer includes a material composition and is adjacent to a body part when the body impact protection system is worn. The impact force dampening and defusing structure is juxtaposed to the inner layer and includes a plurality of components. The components function to reduce pressure on the body part from an impact force on a layer by layer basis. Each layer of the system dampens and defuses the impact force such that, by the time it reaches the body part, it has been substantially attenuated and spread over a large area.

A body impact protection system includes an inner layer and an impact force dampening and defusing structure. The inner layer includes a material composition and is adjacent to a body part when the body impact protection system is worn. The impact force dampening and defusing structure is juxtaposed to the inner layer and includes a plurality of components. The components function to reduce pressure on the body part from an impact force on a layer by layer basis. Each layer of the system dampens and defuses the impact force such that, by the time it reaches the body part, it has been substantially attenuated and spread over a large area.

A body limb protection system includes an outer layer, an inner layer, and a force dampening and defusing structure. The outer layer includes a first material composition and has an exterior surface that includes a substantially planer area. The inner layer includes a second material composition and has a shape corresponding to a body limb portion. The force dampening and defusing structure is positioned between the inner layer and the outer layer. The force dampening and defusing structure has a shape corresponding to a difference between the shapes of the inner and outer layers. The force dampening and defusing structure includes a plurality of components arranged to reduce pressure on the body limb portion when a force is applied to the substantially planer area.

An impact force dampening and defusing structure includes a plurality of components arranged in a grid array. A component has a three-dimensional geometric shape that includes an impact receiving surface area and an impact defusing surface area. The impact defusing surface area is larger than, and a distance d from, the impact receiving surface area. The component includes a material composition and, when an impact force strikes the impact receiving surface area of the component and the impact force dampening and defusing structure is in position to protect a body part, the component contributes to reducing pressure on the body part based on the material composition, the distance d, the impact receiving surface area, and the impact defusing surface area.

A force defusing structure includes first and second plurality of spherical shaped objects. A first spherical shaped object is proximally positioned to two or more second spherical shaped objects. When a force is applied to the first spherical shaped object, the first spherical shaped object collides with the two or more second spherical shaped objects to defuse the force based on a multi-dimensional collision between the first spherical shaped object and the two or more second spherical shaped objects.

Polymeric shock absorbing element for a vehicle including a substantially honeycomb structure having a plurality of channels which has a lateral external surface extending from a first open frontal end to a second open rear end, the shock absorbing element insertable and securable within an internal lateral cavity of a chassis of said vehicle, the internal lateral cavity being defined by at least two metallic plates. The lateral external surface includes at least one substantially planar face positioned on one side of the polymeric shock absorbing element and the additionally includes at least one metallic fixing element having a central portion which in turn includes a first central wall which is made integral with a corresponding substantially planar face of the lateral external surface, the at least one metallic fixing element additionally includes a plurality of side stiffeners which are weldable or made integral with the two metallic sheets.

The invention relates to a component for absorbing energy of an impact applied to the component (19), wherein the component (19) is plastically deformable by an impact and optionally can undergo at least some extent of destruction, the component (19) comprising a sheet profile (1) as a main component and a foamed secondary component (17), wherein the foamed secondary component (17) is connected to the sheet profile (1) and has a density of more than 0.2 g/cm3. The invention further relates to a composite unit (21) built from such components (17) and a process for producing the component (17).