A cover covering an object includes an inner surface of the cover facing the object and spaced from the object, and an outer surface of the cover opposite the inner surface. A local energy absorber is operatively attached to the inner surface of the cover. The local energy absorber includes an energy absorbing core layer operatively attached to the inner surface of the cover and a frangible face sheet layer attached to the energy absorbing core layer facing the object. The frangible face sheet layer is to initiate fracture of the frangible face sheet layer during an impact applied to the outer surface defining an impact event having a duration of less than 20 milliseconds.

A MEMS component. The MEMOS component includes a micromechanical membrane spring including first and second membrane spring elements with an at least regional two-dimensional curvature. The first membrane spring element is mechanically coupled to the second membrane spring element such that a resulting spring force of the membrane spring is imparted by the first and second membrane spring elements. The membrane spring is integrated into a layer structure of the MEMS component such that the resulting spring force of the membrane spring acts substantially in the layer sequence direction of the layer structure. A device for preloading the membrane spring is configured to set an operating point of the membrane spring with respect to the spring characteristic curve using permanent elastic deflection of the membrane spring, such that the operating point is in an approximately linear spring characteristic curve range of the membrane spring with a slight gradient.

A cover covering an object includes an inner surface of the cover facing the object and spaced from the object, and an outer surface of the cover opposite the inner surface. A local energy absorber is operatively attached to the inner surface of the cover. The local energy absorber includes an energy absorbing core layer operatively attached to the inner surface of the cover and a frangible face sheet layer attached to the energy absorbing core layer facing the object. The frangible face sheet layer is to initiate fracture of the frangible face sheet layer during an impact applied to the outer surface defining an impact event having a duration of less than 20 milliseconds.

The present invention is directed to three dimensional weaves composed of wires or yarns that offer the potential for damping not achievable with solid materials, including high temperature damping. Three damping mechanisms have been identified: (1) Internal material damping, (2) Frictional energy dissipation (Coulomb damping), and (3) inertial damping (tuned mass damping). These three damping mechanisms can be optimized by modifying the wire material chemistries (metals, ceramics, polymers, etc.), wire sizes, wire shapes, wire coatings, wire bonding, and wire architecture (by removing certain wires). These have the effect of modifying the lattice and wire stiffnesses, masses, coefficients of friction, and internal material damping. Different materials can be used at different locations in the woven lattice. These design variables can also be modified to tailor mechanical stiffness and strength of the lattice, in addition to damping.

A high-damping stiffness-variable lattice composite structure shock absorber, and a preparation method therefor. The shock absorber is composed of a lattice composite structure and a base, wherein the lattice composite structure is formed by compositing a lattice metal and a viscoelastic material. The adjustment and control range of the porosity of the lattice metal is 30-90%; the hole edge diameter of the lattice metal is 1-3 mm; and the minimum hole diameter is 0.8-2.5 mm. The matrix material of the lattice metal is a steel material; and the matrix material of the viscoelastic material is an epoxy resin or polyurethane.