A shifting device for a transmission unit of a vehicle, in particular a vehicle that is driven by muscle force. The transmission unit has a first shaft, which is formed as a hollow shaft, on which a plurality of free gears is mounted. The free gears are in engagement with a corresponding plurality of gearwheels, which are mounted on a second shaft, wherein the free gears are connectable to the first shaft by means of selecting devices. The selecting devices can be actuated by means of a camshaft arranged coaxially in the first shaft, wherein the camshaft is connected to a driving device in order to be rotated relative to the first shaft to actuate the selecting devices.

A shifting device for a transmission unit of a vehicle, in particular a vehicle that is driven by muscle force. The transmission unit has a first shaft, which is formed as a hollow shaft, on which a plurality of free gears is mounted. The free gears are in engagement with a corresponding plurality of gearwheels, which are mounted on a second shaft, wherein the free gears are connectable to the first shaft by means of selecting devices. The selecting devices can be actuated by means of a camshaft arranged coaxially in the first shaft, wherein the camshaft is connected to a driving device in order to be rotated relative to the first shaft to actuate the selecting devices.

A drive-train for a vehicle with at least one electric drive, which can be coupled via a driveshaft (2) to at least a first transmission ratio stage (i1) and a second transmission ratio stage (i2). At least one shifting mechanism is provided for engaging the transmission ratio stages (i1, i2). To carry out powershifts, the shifting mechanism includes at least one interlocking shifting element (5) and at least one frictional shifting element (6, 6A). Each of the transmission ratio stages (i1, i2) can be engaged by the interlocking shifting element (5) and at least one of the transmission ratio stages (i2) can be engaged both by the interlocking shifting element (5) and by the frictional shifting element (6). Methods for carrying out a powershift, between a frictional shifting element (6, 6A) and an interlocking shifting element (5) in the drive-train, are also disclosed.

A drive-train for a vehicle with at least one electric drive, which can be coupled via a driveshaft (2) to at least a first transmission ratio stage (i1) and a second transmission ratio stage (i2). At least one shifting mechanism is provided for engaging the transmission ratio stages (i1, i2). To carry out powershifts, the shifting mechanism includes at least one interlocking shifting element (5) and at least one frictional shifting element (6, 6A). Each of the transmission ratio stages (i1, i2) can be engaged by the interlocking shifting element (5) and at least one of the transmission ratio stages (i2) can be engaged both by the interlocking shifting element (5) and by the frictional shifting element (6). Methods for carrying out a powershift, between a frictional shifting element (6, 6A) and an interlocking shifting element (5) in the drive-train, are also disclosed.

A system and method for modifying a transmission in a gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle to couple the transmission to an off-axis electric motor. The transmission includes a motor-driven gear that replaces or modifies an engine-driven reverse gear. The motor-driven gear is hard-splined to an output shaft of the transmission. An electric motor is coupled to the output shaft of the transmission via the motor-driven gear. The electric motor may thus be oriented along an axis that differs from the axis of the transmission's output shaft.

An electric driveline comprising an electric drive motor and a transmission, and a method of shifting gears therefor. The transmission comprises an output shaft, a synchronizer, preferably a hydraulically actuatable synchronizer, for selectively drivingly engaging the electric drive motor with the output shaft via either one of a first gear providing a first gear ratio γ.sub.1 between the electric drive motor and the output shaft, and a second gear providing a second gear ratio γ.sub.2 between the electric drive motor and the output shaft, and an electronic shift controller for controlling a gear shift from the first gear to the second gear. The electronic shift controller is configured to actuate the synchronizer to disengage the first gear and to engage the second gear, and to synchronize a motor speed of the electric drive motor with a target speed.

An electric driveline comprising an electric drive motor and a transmission, and a method of shifting gears therefor. The transmission comprises an output shaft, a synchronizer, preferably a hydraulically actuatable synchronizer, for selectively drivingly engaging the electric drive motor with the output shaft via either one of a first gear providing a first gear ratio γ.sub.1 between the electric drive motor and the output shaft, and a second gear providing a second gear ratio γ.sub.2 between the electric drive motor and the output shaft, and an electronic shift controller for controlling a gear shift from the first gear to the second gear. The electronic shift controller is configured to actuate the synchronizer to disengage the first gear and to engage the second gear, and to synchronize a motor speed of the electric drive motor with a target speed.

A dual clutch transmission includes a pair of concentric clutches which selectively drive a pair of concentric drive shafts, pairs of gears in constant mesh, a first portion of which are associated with the first drive shaft and a first, parallel countershaft and a second portion of which are associated with the second drive shaft and a second, parallel countershaft. Synchronizer clutches disposed adjacent the gears on the countershafts selectively connect the gears to the countershafts. Both countershafts drive a single output shaft through transfer gears. The output shaft is coupled to a drive (input) pulley of a continuously variable final drive assembly which receives a chain which drives a driven (output) pulley which is coupled to and drives the cage of a differential assembly. A pair of axles are driven by the side gears of the differential and, in turn, drive the vehicle wheel.

A hydraulic system according to the present invention includes a rotational shaft, a hydraulic rotor supported by the rotational shaft so as to be incapable of relative rotation, an output adjuster varying a volume of the hydraulic rotor, a control shaft tilting the output adjuster, a drive motor operating the control shaft around the axis, a drive shaft disposed on a reference axis same as the axis of the control shaft and operably driven around the axis by the drive motor, a deceleration mechanism decelerating rotary power input from the drive shaft and outputs the decelerated rotary power toward the control shaft, and a housing accommodating the hydraulic rotor, the output adjuster, and the deceleration mechanism, wherein the deceleration mechanism has a hypocycloid-type deceleration mechanism disposed on the reference axis.

A method for determining transmission and/or clutch parameters of a motor vehicle automatic transmission having at least one clutch, in particular for basic calibration of the transmission, in particular an automated manual transmission and/or a dual-clutch transmission, includes determining drag torque and/or kiss point of the clutch using an actuable synchronization device. The clutch has at least one drive side connected to an internal combustion engine output shaft and at least one output side connected to a transmission input shaft. The transmission output and/or drive shaft is blocked. The drive side of the clutch is driven. Basic calibration of the transmission is improved by driving the drive side of the clutch by an electric motor, providing a freewheel-shifted gear stage, and driving the drive side of the clutch by the electric motor in a rotation direction opposite the internal combustion engine output shaft.