A vehicle transmission includes: a first and second input shaft (IS), a countershaft, a main shaft, and an output shaft, a first gear plane (GP) comprising a first IS gearwheel (ISG), a first main gearwheel (MG), and a first countershaft gearwheel (CG), a second GP comprising a second ISG, a second MG, and a second CG, the first

CG connectable to the second CG, a range gear comprising at least a first, second, and third range gear component (RGC), the first RGC connected to the output shaft, a first gear engaging device (GED) settable to: a state connecting the first MG to the first RGC, a neutral state, and a state connecting the first MG to the second RGC, a second GED settable to at least: a state connecting the second MG to the second RGC, a neutral state.

In an electric-motor-assisted bicycle, a motor includes a motor output shaft including a helical gear provided thereon. A reduction gear includes a rotatable shaft and a cylindrical portion. The rotatable shaft extends through the cylindrical portion. A helical gear provided on the cylindrical portion engages the helical gear on the motor output shaft. The rotatable shaft includes a first large-diameter portion, a small-diameter portion and a second large-diameter portion. The reduction gear further includes a bush bearing between an end surface of the first large-diameter portion and an end surface of the second large-diameter portion in the axial direction of the rotatable shaft. The outer periphery of the bush bearing is fixed to the cylindrical portion. The inner periphery of the bush bearing slides in a circumferential direction relative to the small-diameter portion. The bush bearing moves in the axial direction.

An automatic transmission has eight rotatable shafts, four planetary gear sets and seven shift elements for shifting several forward gears and one reverse gear. A first element of the second planetary gear set forms the first shaft designed as the drive shaft of the transmission. A second element of the third planetary gear set forms the second shaft designed as the output shaft of the transmission. A second element of the first planetary gear set forms the third shaft. A first element of the first planetary gear set forms the fourth shaft. A third element of third planetary gear set forms the fifth shaft. As the sixth shaft, a third element of the first planetary gear set, a second element of the second planetary gear set and a first element of the third planetary gear set are constantly connected. A third element of the second planetary gear set forms the seventh shaft. A first brake is arranged in the power flow between the third shaft and the housing. A second brake is arranged in the power flow between the fourth shaft and the housing, a third brake is arranged in the power flow between the fifth shaft) and the housing. A first clutch (C1) is arranged in the power flow between the first and the seventh shafts. A second clutch is arranged in the power flow between the first and third shafts. A third clutch is constantly connected to the eighth shaft. A fourth clutch is in the power flow between the first and fourth shafts.

Methods and systems are provided for a cam drive system of an engine. In one example, a front end of an engine includes an idler gear assembly including an idler gear and idler pulley, the idler gear in meshing engagement with a first end of a crankshaft and the idler pulley coupled to and sharing a rotational axis with the idler gear. The front end of the engine may further include first and second camshaft pulleys positioned vertically above the idler gear assembly and a cam drive belt contacting each of the first and second camshaft pulleys and the idler pulley.

A human-powered generator includes a frame and a pedal crankset and crankset sprocket rotatably mounted on the frame, a flywheel rotatably mounted on the frame including a flywheel-crankset sprocket a flywheel-countershaft sprocket, a countershaft rotatably mounted on the frame including a countershaft-flywheel sprocket and a countershaft-alternator sprocket, and an alternator including an alternator drive shaft and an alternator sprocket. The human-powered generator also includes a crankset-flywheel drive chain, a flywheel-countershaft drive chain, and a countershaft-alternator drive chain. A pedaling cadence at the pedal crankset of between approximately 60 RPM and approximately 100 RPM achieves an alternator drive shaft RPM of between approximately 2,000 RPM and approximately 5,000 RPM.

A planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle may include an input shaft receiving torque of an engine, an output shaft outputting changed torque of the engine, a first planetary gear set including first, second, and third rotation elements, a second planetary gear set including fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements, a third planetary gear set including seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements, a fourth planetary gear set including tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements, and seven friction elements disposed to selectively connect the rotation elements and to selectively connect the rotation elements with a transmission housing.

A planetary gear set may include a first rotation element fixedly connected to a first shaft, a second rotation element fixedly connected to a second shaft, and a third rotation element fixedly connected to a third shaft; a first motor which is mounted to supply power to the first shaft continuously; and a second motor which is mounted to supply power to the second shaft continuously, and the third shaft is connected to be selectively connectable to a transmission housing, and any two shafts of the first shaft, the second shaft, and the third shaft are configured to constrain rotations thereof to each other.

A motor vehicle drivetrain features an input shaft, an output shaft, a continuously variable transmission for coupling the input shaft to the output shaft with a variable transmission ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft, and a bypass transmission with at least one bypass gearing, which has a fixed transmission ratio, in order to couple the input shaft to the output shaft. A value of a transmission ratio of the bypass gearing is less than or equal to half the sum of a value of the maximum forward motion and a value of the minimum forward motion of the variable transmission ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft driven of the continuously variable transmission and/or less than or equal to 1.0. The bypass transmission is configured for driving the motor vehicle with a driving speed of at least 50 km/h or 31 mph.

A motor vehicle drivetrain features an input shaft, an output shaft, a continuously variable transmission for coupling the input shaft to the output shaft with a variable transmission ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft, and a bypass transmission with at least one bypass gearing, which has a fixed transmission ratio, in order to couple the input shaft to the output shaft. A value of a transmission ratio of the bypass gearing is less than or equal to half the sum of a value of the maximum forward motion and a value of the minimum forward motion of the variable transmission ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft driven of the continuously variable transmission and/or less than or equal to 1.0. The bypass transmission is configured for driving the motor vehicle with a driving speed of at least 50 km/h or 31 mph.

A transmission for a hybrid vehicle includes a planetary gear set including at least three rotary members of which one is connected to an engine. A first anti-rotator selectively restricts rotation of the rotary member connected to the engine. A first motor generator is connected to another one of the rotary members of the planetary gear set. A second motor generator is connected to the remaining one of the rotary members of the planetary gear set. An output shaft has a first output gear thereon, which is externally engaged with the rotary member connected to the first motor generator. A second anti-rotator selectively restricts rotation of the rotary member connected to the second motor generator.