The invention proposes a method for characterizing the amplitude (AS) of play (S(t)) in an electromechanical actuator (10), the electromechanical actuator comprising an electric motor (11) and a movable element (1) that is able to be moved by the motor, the actuator (10) comprising an upstream sensor (41) suitable for measuring a position (Xl(t)) of the motor and a downstream sensor (42) suitable for measuring a position (X2(t)) of the movable element, and a force sensor (43) suitable for measuring a load (Fl(t)) applied to the movable element, the method comprising steps of: (El) measuring the position (Xl(t)) of the motor, the position (X2(t)) of the movable element and the load (Fl(t)) applied to the movable element using the three sensors; (E2) on the basis of a computer model of the actuator and of the measured position (Xl(t)) of the motor, of the measured position (X2(t)) of the movable element and of the measured load (Fl(t)) applied to the movable element, estimating a value of the amount of mechanical play (S(t)) using a state observer and considering the play (S(t)) to be a state component; and (E3) determining the amplitude (AS) of the play from a set of values of the dynamic variable, which values are obtained in the preceding step at various times (t).

A belt replacement determination device includes a drive control section configured to drive, based on an evaluation operation set in advance, two or more motors out of a plurality of motors which drive joint shafts of a robot, the two or more motors including the motor which drives at least one of the joint shafts through pulleys and belts; a detection section configured to detect motor torques of the two or more motors which vary according to the evaluation operation; a torque difference calculation section configured to calculate a difference between the motor torques detected of the two or more motors; a difference variation amount calculation section configured to calculate a variation amount between two differences detected at two points of time; and a determination section configured to determine replacement of the belt upon an absolute value of the variation amount calculated exceeding a predetermined threshold.

A clutch includes a clutch disk that rotates by receiving motive power from an engine and a clutch plate switched between an engaged state in which it is engaged with the clutch disk and a disengaged state in which it is not engaged with the clutch disk. A controller calculates a coefficient of friction ? between the clutch disk and the clutch plate based on a time period ?t elapsed from a first time point when the number of relative rotations of the clutch disk and the clutch plate attains to a first number of rotations to a second time point when a second number of rotations smaller than the first number of rotations is attained, in a state in which the clutch disk rotates while transfer of motive power from the engine to the clutch disk is cut off and in the engaged state.

A diagnostic system of a vehicle for diagnosing a drive belt of a continuously variable transmission. A diagnostic circuit detects or predicts a fault of the drive belt based on an operating parameter received from a sensor associated with the vehicle during a predetermined diagnostic period.

A diagnostic system of a vehicle for diagnosing a drive belt of a continuously variable transmission. A diagnostic circuit detects or predicts a fault of the drive belt based on an operating parameter received from a sensor associated with the vehicle during a predetermined diagnostic period.

For showing a wear state of a V-ribbed belt, which is constructed with a belt backing (1), a tension strand (2) arranged underneath the belt backing and a carcass (4), in which there are formed, in the longitudinal direction of the V-ribbed belt, V-ribs (7) which run parallel to one another, have in each case an interspace (8) with respect to one another and have inclined rib flanks (12), wherein the interspaces (8), formed for the engagement of pulley ribs (11) of a V-belt pulley (10), between two V-ribs (7) of the V-ribbed belt extend as far as a rib base (9) of the V-ribs (7), according to the invention a removal of material in the rib base (9) is detected as a criterion for the wear state.

A system for diagnosing deterioration of a drive belt in a vehicle may include an engine, a motor connected to a shaft of a crankshaft of the engine via the drive belt to generate electric power, a controller for identifying slip of the drive belt and subsequently determining that deterioration of the drive belt is diagnosed (the deterioration diagnosis) or slip of the drive belt is diagnosed as being due to friction of the engine (the slip diagnosis) depending on whether conditions for diagnosing deterioration are fulfilled and then generating a torque adjustment command to adjust torque of the motor depending on the deterioration diagnosis or the slip diagnosis, and a main battery for supplying electric power to the motor in response to the torque adjustment command.

In accordance with an example embodiment, a continuous belt may include an outer surface having a first edge spaced apart from a second edge defining a belt width, and a first wear indication positioned on the outer surface near the first edge and having a first width, the first width is less than the belt width, and the first width represents the amount of allowable wear of the continuous belt.

A tracked vehicle includes a drive system and a controller. The drive system is configured to drive a track of the tracked vehicle. The drive system includes an electric motor, a gearbox, and a first positional sensor. The gearbox includes a first planetary gearset, a second planetary gearset, a first clutch, and a second clutch. The first positional sensor is configured to measure translation of a piston of the first clutch and the second positional sensor is configured to measure translation of a piston of the second clutch. The controller is configured to use the measured translation of the piston of the first clutch and the measured translation of the piston of the second clutch to operate the electric motor and the gearbox.

A driving force transmission mechanism includes a first member being arranged inside an insertion section of an insertion apparatus extending along a predetermined axis, a second member being arranged to be positioned on a movement locus in a circumferential direction of the first member. The mechanism includes a cover member as an outer coat of the insertion section. The cover member is arranged between the first member and the second member to come in contact with at least the second member. The mechanism also includes an indicator being provided on the cover member. The indicator indicates in the cover member a change in state of a surface in contact with the second member.