A tidal current energy converter including an infinitely variable transmission (IVT) control system and a hybrid vertical axis wind (or water) turbine (VAWTs) apparatus. The hybrid VAWT apparatus includes a modified-Savonius (MS) rotor in the central region and a straight bladed H-type Darrieus rotor in the surrounding annular region. The IVT control system includes a nonlinear closed-loop control combined with an integral time-delay feedback control to adjust a speed ratio of the IVT. A speed ratio control for an IVT system involves a forward speed controller and/or a crank length controller for different speed ranges. The time-delay control is designed to reduce speed fluctuations of the output speed of an IVT with an accurate speed ratio. The speed ratio of an IVT with the disclosed control strategy can achieve an excellent tracking response for the desired constant output speed and reduce speed fluctuations of the output speed of an IVT by the time-delay feedback control.

A nonlinear closed-loop control combined with an integral time-delay feedback control is disclosed to adjust a speed ratio of an infinitely variable transmission (IVT) system. A speed ratio control for an IVT system involves a forward speed controller and a crank length controller for different speed ranges. The time-delay control is designed to reduce speed fluctuations of the output speed of an IVT with an accurate speed ratio. The speed ratio of an IVT with the disclosed control strategy can achieve an excellent tracking response for the desired constant output speed and reduce speed fluctuations of the output speed of an IVT by the time-delay feedback control.

The present disclosure discloses a terrain based dynamic gear shift control method and system for a vehicle. The method includes: during running of a vehicle, obtaining a current terrain; according to the current terrain, the economic gear shift strategy, and the dynamic gear shift strategy, generating a current gear shift strategy curve; and according to the current gear shift strategy curve, controlling a transmission to perform gear shift. The present disclosure can make the vehicle have wider adaptability, and achieve a better dynamic balance between economy and dynamic performance.

Methods and systems for estimating an amount of torque that is transferred via a differential ring gear assembly are described. In one example, axial displacement of the differential ring gear assembly is determined and converted into a torque estimate. The torque estimate may be used to verify other powertrain torque estimates or for closed loop torque control.

A nonlinear closed-loop control combined with an integral time-delay feedback control is disclosed to adjust a speed ratio of an infinitely variable transmission (IVT) system. A speed ratio control for an IVT system involves a forward speed controller and a crank length controller for different speed ranges. The time-delay control is designed to reduce speed fluctuations of the output speed of an IVT with an accurate speed ratio. The speed ratio of an IVT with the disclosed control strategy can achieve an excellent tracking response for the desired constant output speed and reduce speed fluctuations of the output speed of an IVT by the time-delay feedback control.

The present disclosure relates to an arrangement comprising a motor, a transmission, a transmission control unit and an auxiliary user, the motor being rotatably connected to the transmission and the auxiliary user. The transmission control unit is designed to determine a torque applied to the transmission by using a parameterisable function, wherein the function maps rotational speeds of the motor to a torque applied to the auxiliary user at the rotational speed.

A method to control a road vehicle for the execution of a standing start; the control method comprises the steps of: engaging a gear in a transmission while a corresponding clutch is open; progressively closing the clutch causing the clutch to transmit a torque that causes the rotation of at least a pair of drive wheels; determining a target slip of the drive wheels; cyclically determining a real slip of the of the drive wheels; and continuously modulating the torque transmitted by the clutch during the closing of the clutch based of a difference between the target slip of the drive wheels and the real slip of the of the drive wheels.

Methods for automated calibration adaptation of a gearshift controller are disclosed. In one aspect, the method automates calibration of a gearshift controller in an automatic transmission having one or more speed sensors, each configured to generate a signal, and allowing one or more gearshifts with associated gearshift output sets .sub.j.sup.i that are functions of speed sensor signals and the desired gearshift output sets .sub.∞.sup.i. The gearshift controller has one or more gearshift control parameter sets U.sub.rj.sup.i to be calibrated, each set including gearshift control parameters for an allowed gearshift at one operating condition, and learning controllers L.sub.i sets of system models H.sub.r, and positive definite matrices P.sub.i for updating U.sub.rj.sup.i during sequences of allowed gearshifts. The method incudes acquiring speed sensor signals, computing the gearshift output set .sup.j.sub.j; and updating the gearshift control parameter set p.sub.i.

A tidal current energy converter including an infinitely variable transmission (IVT) control system and a hybrid vertical axis wind (or water) turbine (VAWTs) apparatus. The hybrid VAWT apparatus includes a modified-Savonius (MS) rotor in the central region and a straight bladed H-type Darrieus rotor in the surrounding annular region. The IVT control system includes a nonlinear closed-loop control combined with an integral time-delay feedback control to adjust a speed ratio of the IVT. A speed ratio control for an IVT system involves a forward speed controller and/or a crank length controller for different speed ranges. The time-delay control is designed to reduce speed fluctuations of the output speed of an IVT with an accurate speed ratio. The speed ratio of an IVT with the disclosed control strategy can achieve an excellent tracking response for the desired constant output speed and reduce speed fluctuations of the output speed of an IVT by the time-delay feedback control.

A shift control method for a hybrid vehicle having a dual clutch transmission may include an undershoot determination step of determining, by a controller, whether the amount of undershoot occurring during an inertia phase of power-off upshift is equal to or greater than a prescribed reference amount, a response-starting step of starting, by the controller, when the amount of undershoot is equal to or greater than the prescribed reference amount, coordinated engine torque control using a first coordinated torque, which is determined as the larger one of engine model torque determined from a model and engine map torque obtained from a map in a response to clutch slippage, and a response-maintaining step of determining, by the controller, second coordinated torque to control the engine and controlling engine torque until the inertia phase is completed.