An anti-polish ring for an internal combustion engine is provided. The anti-polish ring includes an axially extending ring portion that is configured to scrape a top portion of a piston in a cylinder liner. The anti-polish ring is configured to accommodate passage of an intake or exhaust valve thereby. The anti-polish ring may include an alignment feature so that the anti-polish ring is inserted in a predetermined orientation in the cylinder. The anti-polish ring may include a heat shield and/or a seating member.

A sliding mechanism of the present invention includes a cylinder bore having a thermally sprayed iron-based coating and includes a piston with a piston ring covered with a hard coating composed mainly of carbon. The thermally sprayed coating has diamond abrasive grains. An area ratio of the diamond abrasive grains to a surface of the thermally sprayed coating is 0.3 to 1.8%, which enables suppressing wear of the piston ring having the hard coating composed mainly of carbon.

A sliding mechanism of the present invention includes a cylinder bore having a thermally sprayed iron-based coating and includes a piston with a piston ring covered with a hard coating composed mainly of carbon. The thermally sprayed coating has diamond abrasive grains. An area ratio of the diamond abrasive grains to a surface of the thermally sprayed coating is 0.3 to 1.8%, which enables suppressing wear of the piston ring having the hard coating composed mainly of carbon.

A cylinder device includes a piston and a piston rod disposed movably, and a movable body in which another end portion of the piston rod is inserted. The piston rod includes a first pin groove that extends along an axial direction and through which a support pin is inserted. The support pin is also inserted through second pin grooves formed in the movable body and having a substantially L-shaped cross section. Further, a link pin is inserted through a pin hole on the other end portion of the piston rod. The link pin is inserted through third pin grooves in the movable body which are inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the movable body. In addition, under a moving action of the piston, the movable body is displaced linearly, and thereafter, is rotationally displaced by the link pin moving along the third pin grooves.

A cylinder device includes a piston and a piston rod disposed movably, and a movable body in which another end portion of the piston rod is inserted. The piston rod includes a first pin groove that extends along an axial direction and through which a support pin is inserted. The support pin is also inserted through second pin grooves formed in the movable body and having a substantially L-shaped cross section. Further, a link pin is inserted through a pin hole on the other end portion of the piston rod. The link pin is inserted through third pin grooves in the movable body which are inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axis of the movable body. In addition, under a moving action of the piston, the movable body is displaced linearly, and thereafter, is rotationally displaced by the link pin moving along the third pin grooves.

A method is provided for forming wear-resistant layer on the surface of cylinder bores a cylinder drum of a hydrostatic axial piston machine within which a respective piston is moved in a manner subject to intensive wear. The cylinder bores are gas nitrocarburized in two stages to minimize the wear and include a thin uniform connecting layer that has a thickness of 4 to 16 μm and a comparatively thick underlying diffusion layer.

A method is provided for forming wear-resistant layer on the surface of cylinder bores a cylinder drum of a hydrostatic axial piston machine within which a respective piston is moved in a manner subject to intensive wear. The cylinder bores are gas nitrocarburized in two stages to minimize the wear and include a thin uniform connecting layer that has a thickness of 4 to 16 μm and a comparatively thick underlying diffusion layer.

A pneumatic cylinder includes a cylinder body, a piston assembly, a connecting rod, and at least one pressure-relief valve. The cylinder body is formed with a cylinder chamber, and has an exterior disposed with at least one inlet-outlet passage and at least one pressure-relief opening, wherein the inlet-outlet passage is connected to the cylinder chamber. The piston assembly is contained within the cylinder chamber. The connecting rod is connected to the piston assembly, and protrudes out from the cylinder body. The pressure-relief valve is disposed in the pressure-relief opening, and has two ends connected to an outside of the pneumatic cylinder and the cylinder chamber respectively. When a gas pressure within the cylinder chamber is greater than a threshold value, the pressure-relief valve works to allow the cylinder chamber connecting to the outside for pressure relief.

A pneumatic cylinder includes a cylinder body, a piston assembly, a connecting rod, and at least one pressure-relief valve. The cylinder body is formed with a cylinder chamber, and has an exterior disposed with at least one inlet-outlet passage and at least one pressure-relief opening, wherein the inlet-outlet passage is connected to the cylinder chamber. The piston assembly is contained within the cylinder chamber. The connecting rod is connected to the piston assembly, and protrudes out from the cylinder body. The pressure-relief valve is disposed in the pressure-relief opening, and has two ends connected to an outside of the pneumatic cylinder and the cylinder chamber respectively. When a gas pressure within the cylinder chamber is greater than a threshold value, the pressure-relief valve works to allow the cylinder chamber connecting to the outside for pressure relief.

A seal assembly that includes a substantially annular cylindrical configuration that defines an aperture that defines a cylindrical axis and a radial direction is provided. The seal assembly comprises a spring member that includes two arm portions that extend substantially in a direction that is parallel to the cylindrical axis and that meet forming a flex point, and a sealing member that at least partially encapsulates the spring member and that includes: a first sealing feature, and a second sealing feature that is positioned axially and radially adjacent the flex point of the spring member and that faces in a direction that is diametrically opposite the direction that the first sealing feature faces along the radial direction, and an elastomeric material that includes a base resistant type 5 fluoroleastomer made from a copolymer of propylene and tetrafluoroethylene.