A pipeline for conveying fluids or solids has a metallic pipe on which a tubular lining made of plastic is arranged on an inner wall. The wall structure with the lining and the metallic pipe are designed to be electrically conductive and the electrical resistance of the wall structure being less than 10.sup.8Ω. This allows the electrostatically charged bulk material or fluid to discharge reliably when passing through the pipe.

A pipeline for conveying fluids or solids has a metallic pipe on which a tubular lining made of plastic is arranged on an inner wall. The wall structure with the lining and the metallic pipe are designed to be electrically conductive and the electrical resistance of the wall structure being less than 10.sup.8Ω. This allows the electrostatically charged bulk material or fluid to discharge reliably when passing through the pipe.

A water delivery pipe made from PVC or PVCO and having an inner surface which is rifled. The inner surface of the pipe preferably includes a graphene material. The pipe has improved anti-bacterial properties such that the formation of bacterial biofilms is eliminated or reduced.

Methods of making the pipe are also disclosed.

A water delivery pipe made from PVC or PVCO and having an inner surface which is rifled. The inner surface of the pipe preferably includes a graphene material. The pipe has improved anti-bacterial properties such that the formation of bacterial biofilms is eliminated or reduced.

Methods of making the pipe are also disclosed.

A dissipative peristaltic pump tube includes a dissipative layer including a thermoplastic elastomer and an anti-static additive, wherein the surface resistivity of the dissipative peristaltic pump tube is at least about 10.sup.6 ohm/square. Further included is a peristaltic pump that includes the dissipative peristaltic pump tube.

A dissipative peristaltic pump tube includes a dissipative layer including a thermoplastic elastomer and an anti-static additive, wherein the surface resistivity of the dissipative peristaltic pump tube is at least about 10.sup.6 ohm/square. Further included is a peristaltic pump that includes the dissipative peristaltic pump tube.

A method of joining a non-metallic pipe to a metallic pipe. The pipe may be wrapped with one or more sheets of reinforcement material (e.g., pre-impregnated fiberglass, carbon fiber, or aramid fiber) and then fitted with an adapter or fitting that is connectable to a metallic pipe. The reinforcement material may be heated using a heating apparatus which allows the material to bond to the pipe to strengthen the joint.

A method of joining a non-metallic pipe to a metallic pipe. The pipe may be wrapped with one or more sheets of reinforcement material (e.g., pre-impregnated fiberglass, carbon fiber, or aramid fiber) and then fitted with an adapter or fitting that is connectable to a metallic pipe. The reinforcement material may be heated using a heating apparatus which allows the material to bond to the pipe to strengthen the joint.

A tube (10) and a method of constructing such a tube, the tube (10) being in the form of a composite film structure comprising a co-extrusion of a plurality of layers bonded together to provide an integrated structure. The layers comprise an inner layer (11), an intermediate layer (12) and outer layer (13). The intermediate layer (12) is of a material compatible with two adjacent layers (11, 13) between which it is interposed, wherein the intermediate layer (12) provides a bridge between the two layers (11, 13) to provide the tube (10) as an integrated structure. The exterior surface (15) of the tube (10) is optionally treated or modified or is provided with a coating, typically for bonding with another substance such as a resinous binder. A hollow structure in the form of a tubular element configured as a pipe and constructed using the tube (10) is also disclosed.

A fiber reinforced polymer composite pipe includes first and second ends and defines a central axis running in a longitudinal direction from the first end to the second end, and the pipe including at least one non-linear portion along the central axis between the first end and the second end. A first material extends continuously from the first end to the second end, the first material being a fiber reinforced polymer material comprising fiber reinforcement in a polymer matrix and having an electrical resistivity determined by an electrically conductive fiber reinforcement and/or an electrically conductive additive in the polymer matrix; and a second material arranged at the at least one non-linear portion and extending discontinuously between the first end and the second end, and has an elastic modulus greater than the elastic modulus of the first material in the longitudinal direction.