A hydrogen-filling hose includes reinforcing layers provided coaxially layered between an inner surface layer and an outer surface layer that are coaxially layered. The inner surface layer is formed of a thermoplastic resin and has a gas permeation coefficient of dry hydrogen gas, of 1×10.sup.−8 cc⋅cm/cm.sup.2⋅sec.⋅cmHg or less at 90° C. A flow path formed by the inner surface layer has a diameter of 10 mm or more and 25 mm or less. The reinforcing layers includes four layers or more and eight layers or less, and each of the reinforcing layers has a spiral structure that is formed by spirally winding a metal wire material. Pricking holes extending through the outer surface layer in a thickness direction are dispersedly provided therein.

Adding silica particles having specified collective characteristics to a fluororubber formulation enhances direct adhesion between the fluororubber formulation and a copolymer upon curing. Specifically, as measured before being mixed into the fluororubber formulation, the silica particles have an average value of the product “(particle size)×(circularity)” that is 17.5 nm or higher and 500 μm or lower. The silica particles may also have an average particle size of between 25.0 nm inclusive and 500 μm inclusive, and an average circularity of 0.80 or higher. Alternatively, as measured after being incorporated into the fluororubber formulation and then cured, the silica particles have an apparent average value of the product “(particle size)×(circularity)” that is 32.0 nm or higher and 500 μm or lower. The silica particles may also have an apparent average particle size of between 40.0 nm inclusive and 500 μm inclusive as measured after being incorporated into the fluororubber formulation and then cured.

Multilayer motor vehicle tube for conducting at least one fluid medium, wherein the tube comprises a fluid duct and a tube wall that surrounds the fluid duct. The tube wall is multilayered and comprises at least three layers, specifically having the following layer composition. An external layer is provided that consists of at least one polyamide, in particular of at least one aliphatic polyamide. Furthermore, an adhesion-promoting layer is provided and an internal layer consisting of at least one thermoplastic elastomer. At least one barrier layer is also provided that consists of at least 96% by weight of polypropylene. The overall layer thickness d of the tube wall is from 0.3 to 3.0 mm.

The present invention proposes a split clamp (7), typical of trepanning operations in pipes, which allows the intervention with a tool (3) that makes a circular hole in the pipe (1) under analysis, removing layer by layer, until reaching the pressure barrier (2). With this, a sample of the layer of interest is removed to be forwarded for analysis. Such a clamp (7) has means to isolate the pipe (1) from the external environment, introduce the tool (3) and remove the same with the sample, also allowing tightness repair of the pipe (1).

The present invention pertains to a multilayer tubular article, to processes for the manufacture of said multilayer tubular article and to uses of said multilayer tubular article in upstream applications for conveying hydrocarbons from a well to a floating off-shore unit via a bottom platform.

A fluororesin having a reactive functional group, wherein the difference between the loss elastic modulus at 270° C. of the fluororesin (G″.sub.270) and the loss elastic modulus at 280° C. of the fluororesin (G″.sub.280) (G″.sub.270-G″.sub.280) is 2,500 Pa or more. Also disclosed is a fluororesin layer containing the fluororesin; and a non-fluororesin layer containing a non-fluororesin.

A refrigerant hose has an innermost tube defining a lumen therein, and the innermost tube is based on one of a hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), an HNBR containing polymer blend, or a copolymer thereof, which is cured with a phenol-formaldehyde resin. The refrigerant hose may further include an optional permeation inhibiting layer which surrounds the innermost tube when incorporated, a reinforcing layer disposed outwardly from the innermost tube and the optional permeation inhibiting layer when this layer is used, and a cover layer disposed outwardly from the reinforcing layer. The innermost tube has a volume swell percentage of 10% or less when exposed to polyolester oil or polyalkylene glycol oil for 168 hrs @ 125° C. Additionally, the innermost tube is devoid of peroxide and may further be devoid added elemental sulfur, sulfur donors and/or additives containing sulfur within their molecular structures.

A tubular including a plurality of first-type layers; and a plurality of second-type layers each disposed between a pair of adjacent first-type layers, wherein the plurality of first-type layers includes at least two first-type layers, wherein the plurality of second-type layers includes at least two second-type layers, and wherein a Melt Flow Index, MFI.sub.1, of each of the plurality of first-type layers is different than a Melt Flow Index, MFI.sub.2, of each of the plurality of second-type layers, as measured at a same temperature. In an embodiment, at least one of the first-type layers and the second-type layers is adapted to provide a barrier against escape of gases, liquids, or a combination thereof from the tubular.

An air conditioner includes: a turbo compressor that compresses a heat medium; a heat exchanger that exchanges heat of the heat medium supplied from the turbo compressor with an atmosphere; and a supply flow path and a discharge flow path that connect the turbo compressor and the heat exchanger. At least one of the supply flow path and the discharge flow path includes piping, and the piping includes a gas barrier layer that covers a surface of a synthetic resin.

Disclosed are a structure of a composite flexible pipeline for crude oil and natural gas transportation, a laying method therefor, and a transportation method for crude oil or natural gas. The transportation method is a method for transporting crude oil or natural gas through a pipeline comprising a multilayer structure having at least one barrier resin layer. The barrier resin layer comprises an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin as a main component. A pipeline for the transportation method, and a laying method for the pipeline. Through a pipeline which does not have corrosion concern and has excellent acid resistance and acid gas barrier properties, a method for safely transporting crude oil or natural gas is provided without leak of hydrogen sulfide gas, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbon gas to the external environment.