A pipe gripping element has a T-shaped body including an elongated cross member and a base member extending from the cross member. The cross member includes an upper portion and an opposite lower arcuate portion, and the base member includes an upper portion that is slanted relative to the cross member upper portion to define a fulcrum. An elongated, arcuate tooth extends outwardly from the arcuate portion. A pipe joint restraint includes an annular retainer gland, a plurality of pockets circumferentially spaced around the gland, and a plurality of the pipe gripping elements operably associated therewith for gripping and restraining a pipe.

A pipe gripping element has a T-shaped body including an elongated cross member and a base member extending from the cross member. The cross member includes an upper portion and an opposite lower arcuate portion, and the base member includes an upper portion that is slanted relative to the cross member upper portion to define a fulcrum. An elongated, arcuate tooth extends outwardly from the arcuate portion. A pipe joint restraint includes an annular retainer gland, a plurality of pockets circumferentially spaced around the gland, and a plurality of the pipe gripping elements operably associated therewith for gripping and restraining a pipe.

A charged particle accelerator for which assembly work can be simplified is provided, and a method for building the same is provided.

In a vacuum-duct joint-portion 10: a male screw 21 is engraved on an outer peripheral surface of a joint 11; a contact surface 25 to be brought into contact with an annular seal 12 is formed at the end of the inner peripheral surface 22 of the joint 11; a pressing surface 26 for pressing the annular seal 12 toward the contact surface 25 of the joint 11A is formed on the ring 15; an abutting surface 28 that abuts on the ring 15 is formed on the nut 16; and a female screw 27 to be screwed to the male screw 21 of the joint 11A is engraved on the inner peripheral surface of the nut 16.

A charged particle accelerator for which assembly work can be simplified is provided, and a method for building the same is provided.

In a vacuum-duct joint-portion 10: a male screw 21 is engraved on an outer peripheral surface of a joint 11; a contact surface 25 to be brought into contact with an annular seal 12 is formed at the end of the inner peripheral surface 22 of the joint 11; a pressing surface 26 for pressing the annular seal 12 toward the contact surface 25 of the joint 11A is formed on the ring 15; an abutting surface 28 that abuts on the ring 15 is formed on the nut 16; and a female screw 27 to be screwed to the male screw 21 of the joint 11A is engraved on the inner peripheral surface of the nut 16.

A gland includes an annular ring, the annular ring defining a gland bore, the gland bore defining a gland axis extending through the annular ring; and a joint restraint assembly, the joint restraint assembly including a restraint base, the restraint base attached to the annular ring, the restraint base defining a restraint pocket, the restraint base including a structural rail; a gripper, the gripper disposed within the restraint pocket and configured to move in the restraint pocket; a spring biasing the gripper to move inwards towards the gland axis; and a cover contacting at least a portion of the restraint base.

A pipe coupler is capable of preventing a fluid flowing along pipes from coming into direct contact with the pipes made of metal materials, a body, and tie rings, thereby preventing corrosion of the pipes. The pipe coupler is also capable of preventing pipes, even if the pipes made of different kinds of materials are connected, from being indirectly connected to each other by way of a fluid flowing along the inside of the pipes, thereby preventing electric corrosion of the pipes caused by the micro current contained in the fluid. The pipe coupler is also capable of absorbing dimensional differences between the pipes having different sizes.

A pressure balancing apparatus can have a compression collar to mate with a component comprising a seal, and a gripper to anchor to a tube and the compression collar. The compression collar is used to apply an axial force to the tube to relieve shear stress on proximate seals. The method can include mating a compression collar to a component comprising a seal, anchoring a gripper to a tube, mating the gripper to the compression collar, and using the compression collar to apply an axial force to the tube.

A pressure balancing apparatus can have a compression collar to mate with a component comprising a seal, and a gripper to anchor to a tube and the compression collar. The compression collar is used to apply an axial force to the tube to relieve shear stress on proximate seals. The method can include mating a compression collar to a component comprising a seal, anchoring a gripper to a tube, mating the gripper to the compression collar, and using the compression collar to apply an axial force to the tube.

A heat exchanger (1) includes a heat exchanging body (20) disposed within an outer box (10). A supply pipe (21) and a discharge pipe (22) in fluid communication with the heat exchanging body (20) respectively extend through first and second insertion holes (31, 32) in the outer box (10). Elastic seal members (40; 240) are respectively provided around the supply pipe (21) and the discharge pipe (22) and between a first sidewall (11) of the outer box (10) and the heat exchanging body (20). At least one biasing member (50; 250) exerts a lateral biasing force (F1; F2) on the elastic seal members (40; 240), thereby maintaining the elastic seal members (40; 240) in a state of compressive deformation and contacting the outer box (10) and the heat exchanging body (20) in an air-tight manner to block potential leakage paths (LP1; LP2) via the insertion holes (31, 32).

A heat exchanger (1) includes a heat exchanging body (20) disposed within an outer box (10). A supply pipe (21) and a discharge pipe (22) in fluid communication with the heat exchanging body (20) respectively extend through first and second insertion holes (31, 32) in the outer box (10). Elastic seal members (40; 240) are respectively provided around the supply pipe (21) and the discharge pipe (22) and between a first sidewall (11) of the outer box (10) and the heat exchanging body (20). At least one biasing member (50; 250) exerts a lateral biasing force (F1; F2) on the elastic seal members (40; 240), thereby maintaining the elastic seal members (40; 240) in a state of compressive deformation and contacting the outer box (10) and the heat exchanging body (20) in an air-tight manner to block potential leakage paths (LP1; LP2) via the insertion holes (31, 32).