The invention provides a carbon fiber reinforced plastic electrofusion fitting and a self-monitoring method of strain for the fitting. Carbon fiber filled polymer is used to fabricate the fitting to improve the mechanical strength of the fitting. The fitting comprises an electrofusion fitting body embedded with a resistance heating wire and two terminals arranged on the electrofusion fitting body and connected to the two ends of the resistance heating wire respectively. For the self-monitoring of strain, at least one pair of electrodes are set on the surface of the electrofusion fitting. The resistance change between electrodes caused by fitting deformation due to temperature change or mechanical loading during operation can be measured, and could be further used for structural health monitoring of the electrofusion fitting. The combination of mechanical enhancement and strain sensing of the electrofusion fitting can improve the performance and reliability of plastic pipelines.

Induction Weldable Pipe Connectors (IWPCs) (400) for electromagnetic induction welding with at least one plastic pipe (30). IWPCs (400) include a tubular induction weldable mounting (401) having an opposite pair of induction weldable sockets (404A, 404B), a tubular cover (406) externally mounted on the induction weldable mounting (401), and a tubular pipe tang (407) internally disposed in one induction weldable socket (404A, 404B) for destining an induction weldable socket (404A, 404B) as an induction weldable pipe socket (408A, 408B) for forced sliding insertion of a pipe end (31) thereinto. The cover (406) includes an opposite pair of thermally insulated induction weldable socket mouth rims (426A, 426B) for entrapping melted solder lining (412) inside the induction weldable mounting (401) during an electromagnetic induction welding operation, thereby ensuring improved welding.

A tapping saddle for a plastic main pipe carrying a medium includes a stub having a central axis, a saddle piece, and a drill. The drill is configured to be moved axially in the stub. A heating element geometry, which is used for welding the tapping saddle to a main tube outer circumference, is arranged on an inside diameter of the saddle piece. The heating element geometry has a winding having an outer winding region and an inner winding region. In the inner winding region, the winding extends in meandering loops along a circle concentric with the central axis of the stub.

A tapping saddle for a plastic main pipe carrying a medium includes a stub having a central axis, a saddle piece, and a drill. The drill is configured to be moved axially in the stub. A heating element geometry, which is used for welding the tapping saddle to a main tube outer circumference, is arranged on an inside diameter of the saddle piece. The heating element geometry has a winding having an outer winding region and an inner winding region. In the inner winding region, the winding extends in meandering loops along a circle concentric with the central axis of the stub.

A wiring incorporated resin pipe includes a tubular shaped sheet formed in an approximately tubular shape at an interval so that a slit is formed between both ends in a transverse direction, a wiring unit arranged in the tubular shaped sheet along a longitudinal direction of the slit in an inner side of the slit and a resin material filled in a gap formed by matching surfaces of the slit of the tubular shaped sheet and the wiring unit to thereby seal the matching surfaces of the slit of the tubular shape sheet, in which conductive wires for wiring are laid inside the wiring unit in the longitudinal direction.

A method creates a weld between a liner of a section of lined pipe and an electrofusion fitting. The fitting has at least one heating element, which is suitably disposed on or in an outer surface of the electrofusion fitting and is electrically isolated from an inner surface of the fitting. The method includes locating an end of the electrofusion fitting within an end of the section of lined pipe, locating an induction coil within a bore of the electrofusion fitting in the vicinity of the at least one heating element, and supplying electrical power to the induction coil to energise the at least one heating element by electromagnetic induction.

A method creates a weld between a liner of a section of lined pipe and an electrofusion fitting. The fitting has at least one heating element, which is suitably disposed on or in an outer surface of the electrofusion fitting and is electrically isolated from an inner surface of the fitting. The method includes locating an end of the electrofusion fitting within an end of the section of lined pipe, locating an induction coil within a bore of the electrofusion fitting in the vicinity of the at least one heating element, and supplying electrical power to the induction coil to energise the at least one heating element by electromagnetic induction.

A liner bridge for a lined pipeline has bores extending through a tubular wall and terminals fitted in the bores, each terminal being exposed to an inward side of the wall for conducting electricity to an electrofusion element. A sealing interface between each terminal and its surrounding bore has one or more projecting formations of the terminal and at least one complementary formation of the bore engaged with the or each of the projecting formations. The interface can also include a sealing mass in the bore.

A liner bridge for a lined pipeline has bores extending through a tubular wall and terminals fitted in the bores, each terminal being exposed to an inward side of the wall for conducting electricity to an electrofusion element. A sealing interface between each terminal and its surrounding bore has one or more projecting formations of the terminal and at least one complementary formation of the bore engaged with the or each of the projecting formations. The interface can also include a sealing mass in the bore.

A pipe clamp for a main pipe conveying a medium. The pipe clamp includes a saddle member and bearing elements, wherein the bearing elements are arranged on the saddle member. The pipe clamp further includes a tension unit, wherein the tension unit comprises at least one band for encircling the main pipe, a band linkage, and a clamping lever. The band linkage and the clamping lever are each arranged at one end of the at least one band and are opposite one another. An extension is arranged on the clamping lever, and the extension is configured to be removed from the clamping lever after the tension unit is firmly clamped on the main pipe.