A sound reducer (10) includes a housing (12) having a jacket (122) extending longitudinally along and rotationally symmetrical about a housing axis. Two end walls (123) are aligned transverse to the housing axis main pipe (18) and penetrating the housing (12) parallel offset to the housing axis with windows (182) formed as pipe wall openings. The main pipe (20) is sealingly fixed in passages penetrating the end walls (123). The end walls (123) have a convex base curvature that is rotationally symmetrical with the housing axis and, in the region of the passages, merge into outwardly pointing pipe sockets (16) that project in one piece and in one material from the respective end wall (123). Annular transition regions (14) are curved concavely in deviation from the convex base curvature with a radius that is at least 1/15 of the radius of the convex curvature of the base curvature.

A sound reducer (10) includes a housing (12) having a jacket (122) extending longitudinally along and rotationally symmetrical about a housing axis. Two end walls (123) are aligned transverse to the housing axis main pipe (18) and penetrating the housing (12) parallel offset to the housing axis with windows (182) formed as pipe wall openings. The main pipe (20) is sealingly fixed in passages penetrating the end walls (123). The end walls (123) have a convex base curvature that is rotationally symmetrical with the housing axis and, in the region of the passages, merge into outwardly pointing pipe sockets (16) that project in one piece and in one material from the respective end wall (123). Annular transition regions (14) are curved concavely in deviation from the convex base curvature with a radius that is at least 1/15 of the radius of the convex curvature of the base curvature.

The invention discloses a building drainage riser, its forming mold and forming method. The riser comprises a riser body and at least one spiral blade. The spiral blade is in a spiral direction on the inner wall of the riser body, and the spiral blade is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the riser body through its bottom side; the inner side of the radial section of the spiral blade presents the first normal distribution curve and the first normal distribution The abscissa axis of the curve is located on a chord of the inner wall of the riser body, and the distance from the chord to the center of the riser body is greater than half of the inner diameter of the riser body and less than the inner diameter of the riser body. The inner wall of the building drainage riser is provided with a spiral inner reinforcement with a radial section inside the first normal distribution curve, which completely eliminates the sharp tip and the sharp joint between the top and the inner wall of the building drainage riser, reduces the pressure fluctuation in the pipe during drainage and reduces the falling water flow speed. In addition, the molding die and forming method have the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

A helix amplifier pipe fitting may include an elbow or straight pipe fitting including an expanded helix portion, a plurality of helix vanes at an angle of incidence to the incoming fluid flow to impart rotational velocity on the fluid. A helix amplifier may include a helix discharge amplifier having a tapered canister, a tapered helix portion including a plurality of helix vanes, and a tapered mixing chamber.

There is a valve assembly including a flow control valve and a flow centralizer. The flow centralizer has a flowthrough bore. The flow centralizer is downstream of the flow control valve and the flowthrough bore narrows in a direction downstream of the flow control valve. The flow centralizer may have a three-piece design including an insert defining the flowthrough bore and an orifice body and a flange ring which hold the insert in place within the orifice body.

An in-line ultrasonic attenuator (10) of this disclosure includes a longitudinally extending pipe (20) having a first and second end (21, 31), and a constant inside diameter extending an entire distance between the first and second ends. Instead of plates, the attenuator includes at least one helical baffle (23 or 33), or a first and a second helical baffle (23, 33) arranged in series with one another, coaxial to the longitudinal center line of the longitudinally extending pipe. The first helical baffle has a first twist rotation and the second helical baffle has a second twist rotation opposite that of the first twist, each twist rotation being at least 180°. The pipe ID can be the same as that connected to the ultrasonic gas flow meter. No elbows are required at the front or back end of a measurement skid of which the attenuator is a part.

A percussive pressure damper includes an entrance port, an exit port axially displaced from the entrance port, an axial flow channel extending from the entrance port to the exit port, a plurality of expansion chambers each extending radially from and in fluid communication with the axial flow channel, and an outer wall enclosing the axial flow channel and the expansion chambers. Each expansion chamber is enclosed by an inner surface of the outer wall and by interior walls, such that any cross section of the tube normal to the axial flow channel cuts through at least one interior wall between the axial flow channel and the outer wall. The expansion chambers may form a generally cylindrical honeycomb structure, each enclosing a hexagonal conical volume that expands in a radial direction, the expansion chambers axially stacked in radially symmetric and axially offset groups.

Implementations of an orifice plate configured to regulate a fluid flow are provided. An example orifice plate is configured to be positioned in a conduit and comprises a plurality of holes that extend through the orifice plate. The plurality of holes are arranged to form a criss-crossing pattern of spiral layouts configured to regulate a fluid flow passing therethrough. The number of clockwise spiral layouts is a Fibonacci number and the number of counter-clockwise spiral layouts is a Fibonacci number. In some implementations, each spiral layout is a logarithmic spiral. In some implementations, each hole of the plurality of holes is a contoured conical shape extending between an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is larger in diameter than the outlet.

Plates and plate assemblies for noise attenuators and other devices and methods of making the same are described herein. An example disc-shaped plate described herein includes a plurality of sector-shaped plates that have openings defining flow paths. Each of the plurality of sector-shaped plates has a first radial edge forming a first mating feature and a second radial edge forming a second mating feature that is complementary to the first mating feature such that, when the plurality of sector-shaped plates are arranged together, the first mating feature of each of the plurality of sector-shaped plates mates with the second mating feature of an adjacent one of the plurality of sector-shaped plates.

A protective tube for insertion into a pipe or vessel containing a medium, a measuring apparatus having such protective tube and a method for manufacturing the protective tube are disclosed, the protective tube including a tubular member having a bore extending between an upper and lower end of the tubular member and having at least one helical fin on at least a section of an outer surface of the tubular member, winding around the outer surface of the tubular member and defining a flow channel along at least a part of the tubular member. At least one geometric parameter of the at least one helical fin is configured based on at least one process condition of the medium in the vessel or pipe.