A machine for making insulation may include two or more rotatory members configured to pull a precut insulation product at a first rate, wherein the precut insulation product comprises a first paper layer, a second paper layer, and a continuous paper core sheet, a first restraint and a second restraint spaced apart a predetermined distance to create a first space therebetween, and two or more second rotary members configured to feed a continuous paper sheet at a second rate into the first space such that the continuous paper sheet forms a plurality of flexible loops defining a plurality of air channels that extend in a direction that is substantially perpendicular with a machine direction. The first rate may be slower than the second rate.

The presently disclosed subject matter generally relates to recyclable insulation material for shipping containers, groceries bags, etc., machines for making the recyclable insulation material, and methods for the making the recyclable insulation material. In one aspect, an insulation product may include a first layer and a first continuous paper sheet formed into a first plurality of flexible loops disposed on and attached to the first layer and defining a first plurality of air channels that extend in a direction that is substantially perpendicular with a machine direction of the insulation product. A take up factor of the first continuous paper sheet to the first layer may be greater than 1:1.

The presently disclosed subject matter generally relates to recyclable insulation material for shipping containers, groceries bags, etc., machines for making the recyclable insulation material, and methods for the making the recyclable insulation material. In one aspect, an insulation product may include a first layer and a first continuous paper sheet formed into a first plurality of flexible loops disposed on and attached to the first layer and defining a first plurality of air channels that extend in a direction that is substantially perpendicular with a machine direction of the insulation product. A take up factor of the first continuous paper sheet to the first layer may be greater than 1:1.

A vacuum insulated structure including a tube having an outer wall, a jacket surrounding the tube to enclose an annular insulating space, the jacket having an end that terminates at the outer wall of the tube, a seal formed between the end of the jacket and the tube to preserve a vacuum within the insulating space, and a fitting affixed to one of the tube and the jacket for coupling the vacuum insulated structure to an external device. A method of making a vacuum insulated structure including forming a tube and a jacket, positioning the jacket over the tube to form an annular insulating space, with an end of the jacket being positioned adjacent to an outer wall of the tube to form a vent, causing air to escape through the vent, sealing the vent, and affixing a fitting to one of the tube and the jacket.

A duct includes an inner tube configured to have fluid flow through to be transported and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube. The outer tube defines, in its interior, a plurality of auxiliary channels, Which extend in the longitudinal direction of the outer tube and are designed to contain or have a further auxiliary fluid flow through, which is configured to thermally interact with the fluid to be transported.

A duct includes an inner tube configured to have fluid flow through to be transported and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube. The outer tube defines, in its interior, a plurality of auxiliary channels, Which extend in the longitudinal direction of the outer tube and are designed to contain or have a further auxiliary fluid flow through, which is configured to thermally interact with the fluid to be transported.

A thermal-insulated multi-walled pipe for superconducting power transmission comprises: a superconducting cable; a multi-walled pipe composed of a plurality of straight pipes and houses the superconducting cable; and a plurality of spacers that are located between adjacent two straight pipes of the plurality of straight pipes, wherein a cross-sectional shape of each spacer is a polygon having three or more vertices, each spacer has a through-hole at a center in the plane, an inner straight pipe is located to pass through the through-hole, a frictional coefficient μ.sub.i between each spacer and the inner straight pipe is 0.1 or less, a frictional coefficient μ.sub.o between each spacer and an outer straight pipe is 0.1 or less, and a ratio L.sub.d/d of a diagonal equivalent length L.sub.d of the polygon to an inner diameter d of the outer straight pipe of the adjacent two straight pipes is 0.9 or less.

A thermal-insulated multi-walled pipe for superconducting power transmission comprises: a superconducting cable; a multi-walled pipe composed of a plurality of straight pipes and houses the superconducting cable; and a plurality of spacers that are located between adjacent two straight pipes of the plurality of straight pipes, wherein a cross-sectional shape of each spacer is a polygon having three or more vertices, each spacer has a through-hole at a center in the plane, an inner straight pipe is located to pass through the through-hole, a frictional coefficient μ.sub.i between each spacer and the inner straight pipe is 0.1 or less, a frictional coefficient μ.sub.o between each spacer and an outer straight pipe is 0.1 or less, and a ratio L.sub.d/d of a diagonal equivalent length L.sub.d of the polygon to an inner diameter d of the outer straight pipe of the adjacent two straight pipes is 0.9 or less.

The presently disclosed subject matter generally relates to recyclable insulation material for shipping containers, groceries bags, etc., machines for making the recyclable insulation material, and methods for the making the recyclable insulation material. In one aspect, an insulation product may include a first layer and a first continuous paper sheet formed into a first plurality of flexible loops disposed on and attached to the first layer and defining a first plurality of air channels that extend in a direction that is substantially perpendicular with a machine direction of the insulation product. A take up factor of the first continuous paper sheet to the first layer may be greater than 1:1.

The presently disclosed subject matter generally relates to recyclable insulation material for shipping containers, groceries bags, etc., machines for making the recyclable insulation material, and methods for the making the recyclable insulation material. In one aspect, an insulation product may include a first layer and a first continuous paper sheet formed into a first plurality of flexible loops disposed on and attached to the first layer and defining a first plurality of air channels that extend in a direction that is substantially perpendicular with a machine direction of the insulation product. A take up factor of the first continuous paper sheet to the first layer may be greater than 1:1.