Provided herein is a liner that can be loosely inserted in process pipe to form a lined pipe and to decrease the rate of heat transfer between process fluids flowing through the liner and the process pipe. The liner provided herein can reduce applied thermal loading on the outer pipe resulting from, for example, turbulent mixing between fluids having different temperatures (with or without stratification), circumferential thermal gradients, and/or longitudinal thermal gradients. An annulus between the process pipe and liner can be at least partially filled by process fluids, thereby creating a thermal buffer to further decrease the rate of heat transfer between the fluids and the process pipe.

The present invention discloses a superconducting bulk cooling apparatus and cooling method for a high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle. The superconducting bulk cooling apparatus for the high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle includes a refrigerating machine, a vacuum box and a Dewar tank. A condensing tank is arranged in the vacuum box, and the condensing tank is communicated with the Dewar tank through a nitrogen siphon pipe and a liquid nitrogen return pipe; a heat exchanger connected with the refrigerating machine is arranged in the condensing tank; and a flexible isolation pipe for thermally insulating and isolating the nitrogen siphon pipe and the liquid nitrogen return pipe is connected between the vacuum box and the Dewar tank. The present invention pumps the phase-change nitrogen out of the Dewar tank through a siphoning effect, so that the immersion cooling of high-temperature superconducting bulks is separated from the re-condensation of the nitrogen.

The present invention discloses a superconducting bulk cooling apparatus and cooling method for a high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle. The superconducting bulk cooling apparatus for the high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle includes a refrigerating machine, a vacuum box and a Dewar tank. A condensing tank is arranged in the vacuum box, and the condensing tank is communicated with the Dewar tank through a nitrogen siphon pipe and a liquid nitrogen return pipe; a heat exchanger connected with the refrigerating machine is arranged in the condensing tank; and a flexible isolation pipe for thermally insulating and isolating the nitrogen siphon pipe and the liquid nitrogen return pipe is connected between the vacuum box and the Dewar tank. The present invention pumps the phase-change nitrogen out of the Dewar tank through a siphoning effect, so that the immersion cooling of high-temperature superconducting bulks is separated from the re-condensation of the nitrogen.

A method of fabricating a conduit comprises steps of attaching a first tubular-outboard-ply end of a tubular outboard ply to a first inner collar portion of a first collar with a third weld and attaching a second tubular-outboard-ply end to a second inner collar portion of a second collar with a fifth weld. The method additionally comprises steps of interconnecting the first inner collar portion and a first outer collar portion of the first collar with a first weld and interconnecting the second inner collar portion and a second outer collar portion of the second collar with a sixth weld. The method also comprises attaching a trimmed first corrugated-inboard-ply end to the first outer collar portion with a second weld, attaching a trimmed second corrugated-inboard-ply end to the second outer collar portion with a fourth weld, and communicatively coupling a first sensor with an interstitial space.

A method of fabricating a conduit comprises steps of attaching a first tubular-outboard-ply end of a tubular outboard ply to a first inner collar portion of a first collar with a third weld and attaching a second tubular-outboard-ply end to a second inner collar portion of a second collar with a fifth weld. The method additionally comprises steps of interconnecting the first inner collar portion and a first outer collar portion of the first collar with a first weld and interconnecting the second inner collar portion and a second outer collar portion of the second collar with a sixth weld. The method also comprises attaching a trimmed first corrugated-inboard-ply end to the first outer collar portion with a second weld, attaching a trimmed second corrugated-inboard-ply end to the second outer collar portion with a fourth weld, and communicatively coupling a first sensor with an interstitial space.

In the method for the continuous production of a heat-insulated, corrugated line pipe (1) with at least one inner pipe (2), a corrugated outer jacket of the line pipe is first produced by means of an extruder (27) and a corrugator (28) and the inner pipe arranged in a foil tube together with a foam-forming starting material is guided into the corrugator, in which the outer jacket of the line pipe which has been corrugated before is filled with the heat-insulating foam. The device (10) provided for carrying out the method has a protective pipe (26) by means of which the inner pipe surrounded by the foil tube can be guided separately from the extrusion and corrugation of the outer jacket into the corrugator.

A conduit for transporting a fluid comprises a first collar, a second collar, and a bellows. The bellows comprises a corrugated inboard ply, a corrugated outboard ply, and an interstitial space, interposed between the corrugated inboard ply and the corrugated outboard ply. The conduit additionally comprises a second weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated inboard ply and a first outer collar portion, a third weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated outboard ply and a first inner collar portion, a fourth weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated inboard ply and a second outer collar portion, a fifth weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated outboard ply and a second inner collar portion, and a first sensor, communicatively coupled with the interstitial space.

A conduit for transporting a fluid comprises a first collar, a second collar, and a bellows. The bellows comprises a corrugated inboard ply, a corrugated outboard ply, and an interstitial space, interposed between the corrugated inboard ply and the corrugated outboard ply. The conduit additionally comprises a second weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated inboard ply and a first outer collar portion, a third weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated outboard ply and a first inner collar portion, a fourth weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated inboard ply and a second outer collar portion, a fifth weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated outboard ply and a second inner collar portion, and a first sensor, communicatively coupled with the interstitial space.

The present invention provides an ultra-long thermally insulated pipeline, which includes a working steel pipe and an outer sleeve steel pipe sleeving the working steel pipe, where an annular vacuum cavity is formed between the working steel pipe and the outer sleeve steel pipe; two ends of the outer sleeve steel pipe are tightened; and the tightened parts of the outer sleeve steel pipe are sealed with an outer wall of the working steel pipe through a plurality of sealing rings. The ultra-long thermally insulated pipeline further includes a spiral ring supporting frame which is disposed outside the working steel pipe and is in contact with a wall of the working steel pipe. The spiral ring supporting frame is made of a phase change material The present invention further provides a forming method of an ultra-long thermally insulated pipeline.

A flexible conduit used for transportation of hydrocarbon fluids for off-shore and on-shore oil and gas applications includes an inner pressure sheath, at least one reinforcing layer at least partially disposed around the pressure sheath, an outer protective sheath at least partially disposed around the at least one reinforcing layer, and optionally a thermally insulating layer disposed between the at least one reinforcing layer and the outer protective sheath. At least one of the inner pressure sheath, outer protective sheath, and the thermally insulating layer is manufactured using a thermoplastic blend (TPB) composition. The TPB compositions disclosed herein are useful for the formation of at least one polymer layer of the thermoplastic umbilical hoses used for transportation of hydrocarbon fluids.