A heat exchange system includes a pump or compressor 100 that pressurizes a working fluid, a first heat exchanger 200 that receives the working fluid from the pump or compressor 100 and causes the working fluid to exchange heat with a first medium to decrease a temperature of the working fluid, first adjustment means 300 for receiving the working fluid from the first heat exchanger 200 and decreasing the temperature and a pressure of the working fluid, heat absorption means 400 for receiving the working fluid from the first adjustment means 300, second adjustment means 500 for receiving the working fluid from the heat absorption means 400, and a second heat exchanger 600 that receives the working fluid from the second adjustment means 500.

A heat exchange system includes a pump or compressor 100 that pressurizes a working fluid, a first heat exchanger 200 that receives the working fluid from the pump or compressor 100 and causes the working fluid to exchange heat with a first medium to decrease a temperature of the working fluid, first adjustment means 300 for receiving the working fluid from the first heat exchanger 200 and decreasing the temperature and a pressure of the working fluid, heat absorption means 400 for receiving the working fluid from the first adjustment means 300, second adjustment means 500 for receiving the working fluid from the heat absorption means 400, and a second heat exchanger 600 that receives the working fluid from the second adjustment means 500.

A flow control panel is configured to control a flow of fuel from a storage bank to a dispenser. The flow control panel includes input and output flow controllers, and input and output ports, each output port coupled to a respective dispenser port. Each output flow controller is coupled to a respective input port and a respective output port, and is configured to enable the flow of fuel from the input port and the output port. A processor is configured to control the input flow controllers and the output flow controllers. The processor is coupled to a memory storing instructions that when executed by the processor cause the processor to: receive a desired fuel pressure value from a dispenser; receive indications of fuel pressures within each of the storage banks; select a desired storage bank having the lowest fuel pressure among the storage banks that have fuel pressures greater than the desired fuel pressure; and activate a desired input port and a desired output port to enable fluid flow from the desired storage bank to the dispenser.

A flow control panel is configured to control a flow of fuel from a storage bank to a dispenser. The flow control panel includes input and output flow controllers, and input and output ports, each output port coupled to a respective dispenser port. Each output flow controller is coupled to a respective input port and a respective output port, and is configured to enable the flow of fuel from the input port and the output port. A processor is configured to control the input flow controllers and the output flow controllers. The processor is coupled to a memory storing instructions that when executed by the processor cause the processor to: receive a desired fuel pressure value from a dispenser; receive indications of fuel pressures within each of the storage banks; select a desired storage bank having the lowest fuel pressure among the storage banks that have fuel pressures greater than the desired fuel pressure; and activate a desired input port and a desired output port to enable fluid flow from the desired storage bank to the dispenser.

A method and a precooling system are provided for precooling gaseous fuel supplied for fueling pressurized gaseous vehicle onboard storage tank systems. The precooling system is used in pressurized gaseous fueling stations with source fuels in cryogenic state, such as liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquefied nature gas (LNG). A thermal buffer heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger medium, and a cold loop and a warm loop contained in the heat exchanger medium. A control unit is configured for controlling cryogenic fuel supplied to the cold loop for cooling the thermal buffer heat exchanger. The thermal buffer heat exchanger enables precooling high pressure gaseous fuel to a preset temperature supplied to a dispenser supplying high pressure gaseous fuel to refuel a vehicle onboard storage tank system.

A device for recovering the refrigeration units of LNG (liquid natural gas) used as fuel in vehicles is disclosed. The device can include: a first heat exchanger placed on a tractor of the vehicle between a LNG tank and a LNG gasification and heating circuit, said LNG being sent to a motor of the vehicle; a second heat exchanger placed inside a refrigerated cabin of a trailer or semi-trailer of the vehicle; and a closed intermediate circuit, in which a heat transfer fluid flows, which includes an apparatus for moving the heat transfer fluid, systems for connecting and disconnecting the pipelines of the intermediate circuit which are installed on the tractor with/from the pipelines of the same intermediate circuit installed on the trailer or semi-trailer and apparatus for storing and re-integrating the heat transfer fluid in the intermediate circuit and for maintaining the heat transfer fluid at a certain pressure value in said intermediate circuit.

A device for recovering the refrigeration units of LNG (liquid natural gas) used as fuel in vehicles is disclosed. The device can include: a first heat exchanger placed on a tractor of the vehicle between a LNG tank and a LNG gasification and heating circuit, said LNG being sent to a motor of the vehicle; a second heat exchanger placed inside a refrigerated cabin of a trailer or semi-trailer of the vehicle; and a closed intermediate circuit, in which a heat transfer fluid flows, which includes an apparatus for moving the heat transfer fluid, systems for connecting and disconnecting the pipelines of the intermediate circuit which are installed on the tractor with/from the pipelines of the same intermediate circuit installed on the trailer or semi-trailer and apparatus for storing and re-integrating the heat transfer fluid in the intermediate circuit and for maintaining the heat transfer fluid at a certain pressure value in said intermediate circuit.

Disclosed herein are a method for diagnosing a disease of a body tissue by using LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) comprising: preparing a laser device including: a laser projection module, outputting the laser to a suspicious region of the body tissue, a light receiving module, receiving a plurality of light, a spectrum measurement module, and a guide unit; and projecting the laser to generate plasma by inducing tissue ablation in the suspicious region; wherein the laser projected to the suspicious region has a target area, and wherein the target area has smaller size than the suspicious region such that the target area is located inside the suspicious region.

Disclosed herein are a method for diagnosing a disease of a body tissue by using LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) comprising: preparing a laser device including: a laser projection module, outputting the laser to a suspicious region of the body tissue, a light receiving module, receiving a plurality of light, a spectrum measurement module, and a guide unit; and projecting the laser to generate plasma by inducing tissue ablation in the suspicious region; wherein the laser projected to the suspicious region has a target area, and wherein the target area has smaller size than the suspicious region such that the target area is located inside the suspicious region.

A vaporization system and control method are provided. Liquid cryogen is provided to first ambient air vaporizer (AAV) units. When an output superheated vapor temperature is less than a threshold, the liquid cryogen is provided to second AAV units. When greater than or equal to the threshold, it is determined whether the second AAV units are defrosted. When defrosted, the liquid cryogen is provided to the second AAV units. When not defrosted, it is determined whether ice has formed on the first AAV units. When not formed, it is again determined whether the superheated vapor temperature is less than the threshold. When formed, it is determined whether a current ambient condition is favorable to defrosting the second AAV units. When not favorable, the liquid cryogen is provided to the second bank of AAV units. When favorable, it is again determined whether the superheated vapor temperature is less than the threshold.