Embodiments of systems and methods for transporting fuel and carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in a dual-fluid vessel thereby minimizing transportation between locations are disclosed. In an embodiment, the dual-fluid vessel has an outer shell with two or more inner compartments, positioned within the outer shell, including a first inner compartment for storing CO.sub.2 and a second inner compartment for storing fuel. The dual-fluid vessel may connect or attach to a transportation vehicle to thereby allow transportation of the fuel and CO.sub.2. Insulation may provide temperature regulation for the fuel and CO.sub.2 when positioned in the respective first and second inner compartments. One or more ports having an opening in and through the outer shell and a fluid pathway to one or more of the first inner compartment or the second inner compartment may provide fluid communication through the opening and fluid pathway for loading/offloading the fuel and/or CO.sub.2.

A liquid cryogen stored in a liquid cryogen space of a closed insulated cryogenic storage vessel is subcooled by allowing it to enter into a conduit disposed in the liquid cryogen space where it is expanded by a pressure reducer in the conduit, thereby producing a cooled biphasic mixture of the cryogen in liquid and vaporized forms. The cooled biphasic mixture has a temperature lower than that of the liquid cryogen in the liquid cryogen space. Heat is transferred across the conduit from the liquid cryogen in the liquid cryogen space to the cooled biphasic mixture.

A gas source for pressuring sparkling and other beverage containers, e.g., to re-pressurize the container to keep a carbonation level of beverage during storage. A gas cylinder can include a cap with a flange and catch below the flange. The catch can be engaged by a cylinder support to move the cylinder into contact with a piercing element to pierce the gas outlet of the cylinder and form a seal between the cylinder and gas receiver. A pressure indicator can have a single pressure sensor to indicate a capacity of a gas cylinder to deliver pressurized gas and a pressure in a beverage container.

A cryogenic fluid containment system is disclosed. The system can store a fluid such as hydrogen at a cryogenic temperature and pressure. As the fluid naturally warms, boil-off fluid is produced by the fluid and can be directed to a backup power system that is configured to consume the boil-off fluid. The boil-off fluid being extracted from the cryogenic fluid containment system causes additional boil-off fluid to be generated from the fluid and refrigerate the fluid within the cryogenic fluid containment system. Additionally, the boil-off fluid can be monitored over time such that as the boil-off fluid accumulates within the storage tank, a boil-off controller can determine whether the boil-off fluid is to be extracted from the storage tank. The boil-off controller can enable the fluid to be maintained below a pressure threshold within the storage tank.

Scalable greenhouse gas capture systems and methods to allow a user to off-load exhaust captured in an on-board vehicle exhaust capture device and to allow for a delivery vehicle or other transportation mechanism to obtain and transport the exhaust. The systems and methods may involve one or more exhaust pumps, each with an exhaust nozzle corresponding to a vehicle exhaust port. Upon engagement with the vehicle exhaust port, the exhaust nozzle may create an air-tight seal between the exhaust nozzle and the vehicle exhaust port. A first pipe may be configured to transport captured exhaust therethrough from the exhaust nozzle to. The captured exhaust may be at least temporarily stored in an exhaust holding tank connected to and in fluid communication with the first pipe

A method to condense and recover CO.sub.2 from CO.sub.2 containing streams. A first step involve providing at more than one heat exchanger, with each heat exchanger having a first flow path for passage of a first fluid and a second flow path for passage of a second fluid. A second step involves passing a stream of very cold natural gas sequentially along the second flow path of each heat exchanger until it is heated for distribution and concurrently passing a CO.sub.2 containing stream sequentially along the first flow path of each heat exchanger, allowing the water vapor portion of the CO.sub.2 containing stream to condense and precipitate on the condensing heat exchangers. A third step involves passing a water vapor free CO.sub.2 containing stream to a cryogenic heat exchanger to condense, precipitate and recover CO.sub.2. This processes results in the recovery of CO.sub.2 and water vapor from CO.sub.2 containing streams using condensing heat exchangers, chiller, compressor, expander and power generator to recover the low value thermal heat available in CO.sub.2 containing waste streams.

A system and method for maintaining a desired carbon dioxide concentration within an interior space of a transport unit during transport are disclosed. The method includes determining the carbon dioxide concentration within the interior space; enabling a carbon dioxide injection system when the carbon dioxide concentration is not at a set point value; and disabling the carbon dioxide injection system when the carbon dioxide concentration is at the set point value.

An apparatus for storing large quantities of compressed gas at high pressure underground.

Provided is an adsorbent for capturing carbon dioxide and a method for manufacturing same, and more particularly, to an adsorbent for capturing carbon dioxide, including a magnesium oxide/titanium dioxide composite having wide surface area, large pore volume and good CO.sub.2 adsorption performance, and a method for manufacturing same. According to the present invention, a novel MgO based composite metal oxide which may stably adsorb CO.sub.2 at a low temperature such as room temperature is provided. The adsorbent for capturing carbon dioxide, including a magnesium oxide/titanium dioxide composite has good thermal stability, and controls basic sites easily, and is used in various fields for capturing carbon dioxide. In addition, by controlling the molar ratio of the metal ions of the magnesium oxide/titanium dioxide composite and controlling morphology, an adsorbent for capturing carbon dioxide having large surface area and pore volume and strong basic sites may be provided.

An axial piercing mechanism for a pressurized gas canister includes a housing, electric motor assembly, pushrod assembly, and lancet. The housing defines one or more radial exhaust ports and coaxial internal cavities. The electric motor assembly and pushrod assembly are disposed in the respective first and second cavities. The pushrod assembly is coupled to the electric motor assembly and is rotatably driven along the longitudinal axis thereby. The lancet is coupled to the pushrod assembly. The housing includes a second end that receives or couples to a sealed end of the pressurized gas canister proximate the lancet such that the electric motor assembly, when energized, causes the pushrod assembly and lancet to translate along the longitudinal axis, pierce a sealed end/diaphragm of the canister, and release pressurized gas through the exhaust port. A system includes the axial piercing mechanism and the pressurized gas canister.