A pressure relief system comprises a pressurized vessel containing a fuel source and comprising a thermal pressure relief device, a heat shield coating disposed on an outer surface of the pressurized vessel, a sensor in thermal communication with the heat shield and configured to receive thermal energy from the heat shield, and an electronic control module electrically coupled to the sensor and the thermal pressure relief device. The sensor, responsive to receiving a threshold amount of thermal energy from the heat shield coating, may transmit a signal to the electronic control module. The electronic control module may activate the thermal pressure relief device in response to the signal.

Method for filling a tank with pressurized gas to a target pressure from at least one pressurized gas source via a transfer pipe provided with at least one valve, the tank having a predetermined inner length and predetermined inner diameter, the end of the transfer pipe forming an injector with a predetermined injection diameter; said method comprises a step for transferring pressurized gas from the source to the tank at a predetermined flow rate, the method comprising a step of controlling the transfer of gas from the source to the tank to reduce the heat produced in the tank, the step of controlling the transfer of gas comprising at least one of: sizing of the injection diameter, and sizing of the flow rate of the transferred gas; the control step being carried out according to the ratio L/D between the length and the diameter of the tank.

A management system includes a position detection unit which obtains a position of a work machine, a posture detection unit which obtains a posture of the work machine, an object detection unit which obtains a three-dimensional shape of a buried object, a position calculation unit which obtains a position of the buried object by using the position of the work machine obtained by the position detection unit, the posture of the work machine obtained by the posture detection unit, and the three-dimensional shape of the buried object obtained by the object detection unit, and an information acquisition unit which acquires buried object information including at least the position of the buried object obtained by the position calculation unit.

A process for filling a gas tank made from a gas tank material with gas is provided, which process comprises the following steps: a) setting (S10) a nominal gas filling rate such that the tank is substantially completely filled within a predetermined filling time from a predetermined initial gas pressure value, b) determining (S20), assuming hot case tank conditions, a maximum mass-averaged gas filling temperature that will be reached at the end of the filling process, when filling the gas tank for the predetermined filling time with the nominal gas filling rate, c) selecting (S30) a target gas filling temperature not greater than the maximum mass-averaged gas filling temperature, d) cooling (S40) the gas to be supplied to the gas tank to the target gas filling temperature, e) starting the supply of gas to the gas tank, f) determining (S50) the actual mass-averaged gas filling temperature of the gas supplied to the tank, g) estimating (S60) an end-of-fill gas pressure from the actual mass-averaged gas filling temperature assuming cold case tank conditions, and h) terminating (S70) the supply of gas to the gas tank when the actual pressure of the gas tank is equal to the lower of the end-of-fill gas pressure and a maximum final fill pressure.

A fuel cell system and a fuel consumption system verify the location of a filling failure at a time that a fuel gas filling process suffers from such a filling failure. Either one of encoded data indicating an infrared radiation signal related to the fuel gas filling process, which is sent from a vehicle to an external hydrogen station, and a drive signal, which comprises a train of binary pulses converted from the encoded data, is recorded in a recording unit of the vehicle.

A multi-stage gas compression, storage and distribution system utilizing a hydrocarbon gas from a municipal gaseous supply line in a manner that does not affect an operational integrity of said municipal gaseous supply line includes an inlet line fluidly in fluid communication with a supply of hydrocarbon gas at a first pressure, a first compression unit configured to compress the hydrocarbon gas from the inlet line to a second pressure, a first storage vessel configured to receive the hydrocarbon gas from the first compression unit for storage at the second pressure, a second compression unit configured to compress the hydrocarbon gas from the first storage vessel to a third pressure, and a second storage vessel configured to receive the hydrocarbon gas from the second compression unit for storage at the third pressure.

A flow control valve includes a housing defining a cavity therein. The housing has an input port for receiving a gas from a gas supply, and an output port for delivering the gas to a gas cylinder. The cavity defines a staging area fluidly connected to the input port, a delivery area fluidly connected to the output port, and a pressurization area fluidly connected to a feedback sensing port. The feedback sensing port is configured to receive pressurized fluid that is pressurized to a pressure level representative of a pressure level of gas delivered to the gas cylinder. The flow control valve includes a piston slidably positioned in a channel extending between the pressurization area and the delivery area. The position of the piston changes a rate of flow of gas through the flow control valve. The piston position moves in response to a pressure at the feedback sensing port.

A high-pressure hydrogen filling system with expansion turbine having a simple configuration, requiring less maintenance and control duties, capable of being operated at low costs including electric power consumption cost, and allowing the use of general-purpose materials for composing the components of a hydrogen gas supply unit, a cold accumulator is installed at the outlet of an expansion turbine in a system performing hydrogen gas enthalpy drop when pressurizing and filling highly-pressurized and accumulated hydrogen gas into a tank.

A hydrogen filling station accounts for variabilities between tank systems when filling compressed gas tanks. To identify a theta value that accurately reflects the conditions and performance of a particular tank system, one or more test parameters are determined, and one or more margins associated with one or more test fills of a fuel tank are identified, where each test fill corresponds to a respective test parameter. A proposed theta value for controlling one or more fuel deliveries to the fuel tank is determined based on the test parameters and the margins. In this manner, the theta value enables hydrogen refueling of a compressed gas tank to be improved.

A plurality of sensors detect a plurality of fuel temperatures at a filling station, and a controller communicates with the sensors to identify the fuel temperatures, uses the fuel temperatures to determine a plurality of candidate fill times, and compares the candidate fill times to identify a control value for controlling a delivery of fuel. The fuel temperatures include a first fuel temperature corresponding to a first location at the filling station and a second fuel temperature corresponding to a second location at the filling station, and the candidate fill times include a first candidate fill time corresponding to the first fuel temperature and a second candidate fill time corresponding to the second fuel temperature.