An apparatus, system and method for capture, utilization and sendout of latent heat in boil off gas (BOG) onboard a cryogenic storage vessel is described. A liquefied gas vessel comprises a cryogenic cargo tank onboard a liquefied gas vessel, the cargo tank comprising a liquefied gas and a BOG, a latent heat exchanger fluidly coupled to a stream of the liquefied gas and a stream of the BOG, wherein the latent heat exchanger transfers a heat between the BOG stream and the liquefied gas stream to produce a condensed BOG, means for combining the condensed BOG and the liquefied gas stream to obtain a combined stream, the means for combining the condensed BOG and the liquefied gas stream fluidly coupled to the latent heat exchanger, and a liquefied gas regasifier onboard the vessel and fluidly coupled to the combined stream, wherein the liquefied gas regasifier regasifies the combined stream.

An apparatus, system and method for capture, utilization and sendout of latent heat in boil off gas (BOG) onboard a cryogenic storage vessel is described. A liquefied gas vessel comprises a cryogenic cargo tank onboard a liquefied gas vessel, the cargo tank comprising a liquefied gas and a BOG, a latent heat exchanger fluidly coupled to a stream of the liquefied gas and a stream of the BOG, wherein the latent heat exchanger transfers a heat between the BOG stream and the liquefied gas stream to produce a condensed BOG, means for combining the condensed BOG and the liquefied gas stream to obtain a combined stream, the means for combining the condensed BOG and the liquefied gas stream fluidly coupled to the latent heat exchanger, and a liquefied gas regasifier onboard the vessel and fluidly coupled to the combined stream, wherein the liquefied gas regasifier regasifies the combined stream.

Heat is transferred from a first portion of liquid hydrogen to a flow of a heat transfer fluid at a first heat exchanger through heat exchange with a heat transfer fluid to produce a flow of vaporized hydrogen and a warmed flow of heat transfer fluid. The flow of vaporized hydrogen is combined with a second portion of liquid hydrogen in amounts designed to produce a combined flow with a desired temperature, the combined flow being used to fill one or more buffer vessels. Heat is also transferred at a second heat exchanger from a stream of pressurized hydrogen from the at least one buffer vessel to the cooled flow of heat transfer fluid to produce a cooled flow of pressurized hydrogen that is used to fill tanks of fuel cell electric vehicles.

Heat is transferred from a first portion of liquid hydrogen to a flow of a heat transfer fluid at a first heat exchanger through heat exchange with a heat transfer fluid to produce a flow of vaporized hydrogen and a warmed flow of heat transfer fluid. The flow of vaporized hydrogen is combined with a second portion of liquid hydrogen in amounts designed to produce a combined flow with a desired temperature, the combined flow being used to fill one or more buffer vessels. Heat is also transferred at a second heat exchanger from a stream of pressurized hydrogen from the at least one buffer vessel to the cooled flow of heat transfer fluid to produce a cooled flow of pressurized hydrogen that is used to fill tanks of fuel cell electric vehicles.

A type IV conformable pressure vessel is provided comprising an elongated folded tank and a valve assembly configured to pass fluid into and out of an interior of the tank through first and second filling couplers directly connected to a respective first and second end of the tank. The tank has at least two chambers for the storage of fluid. The valve assembly receives fluid from an external source, selectively provides the external fluid through a Venturi nozzle into a mixing chamber, recirculates fluid from the second end of the tank into the mixing chamber, and delivers the mixture of the recirculated fluid and the external fluid to the first end of the tank.

A gas supply system includes a first tank, a first path into which a first gas generated by vaporization of a first low-temperature liquefied gas flows, a gas boosting mechanism being disposed in the first path, a second path that is a path configured to extract the first low-temperature liquefied gas from the first tank, a pump and a vaporization mechanism being disposed in the second path and a reliquefaction path that is a path configured to liquefy at least part of the first gas extracted from an upstream side of the gas boosting mechanism in the first path and to cause the liquefied first gas to flow into an upstream side of the pump in the second path, a cooling heat exchanger configured to cool the first gas by a second low-temperature liquefied gas or a second gas being disposed in the reliquefaction path.

A CO.sub.2 energy storage system includes a storage tank that stores a CO.sub.2 slurry, including dry ice and liquid CO.sub.2, at CO.sub.2 triple point temperature and pressure conditions. The storage system also includes a first pump coupled in flow communication with the storage tank. The first pump is configured to receive the CO.sub.2 slurry from the storage tank and to increase a pressure of the CO.sub.2 slurry to a pressure above the CO.sub.2 triple point pressure. The energy storage system further includes a contactor coupled in flow communication with the first pump. The contactor is configured to receive the high pressure CO.sub.2 slurry from the pump and to receive a first flow of gaseous CO.sub.2 at a pressure above the CO.sub.2 triple point pressure. The gaseous CO.sub.2 is contacted and then condensed by the melting dry ice in the slurry to generate liquid CO.sub.2.

A super-cooled liquid medium, preferably super-cooled liquid nitrogen, is pumped through a sub-cooler and cooled by the same medium that evaporates in the vacuum. This super-cooled nitrogen is used as coolant for a consumer. If a small amount of heat is emitted by the consumer to the nitrogen, the liquid medium can be guided in the circuit wherein the sub-cooler is arranged. For compensating volume fluctuations, such a circuit requires a compensation vessel, which is very expensive and can only be operated in the presence of a super-cooled medium when either a part of the medium is heated using external energy, or an inert gas which boils at very low temperatures is used as a pressure compensation medium. According to the disclosure, when a supply container for the liquid medium is integrated into the cooling circuit and used as a compensation vessel, a separate compensation vessel is not required.

An apparatus to refuel a vessel with cryo-compressed hydrogen is disclosed herein. The apparatus includes a refueler controller configured to defuel the vessel prior to a refuel process based on a pressure of the vessel; fill a mixing tank with at least the cryo-compressed hydrogen based on the pressure of the vessel and a pressure of the mixing tank, wherein the mixing tank is connected upstream of the vessel and is structured to include the cryo-compressed hydrogen; initiate the refuel process of the vessel; adjust a temperature of the mixing tank in response to a temperature of the vessel not satisfying a target temperature of the vessel during the refuel process, wherein the temperature of the mixing tank is to be adjusted based on an increase or a decrease of flow of supercritical hydrogen; and end the refuel process in response to the pressure of the vessel satisfying a target pressure of the vessel.

A liquefied gas regasification system and a method of operating the same, and, more particularly to a liquefied gas regasification system which can smoothly supply re-gasified liquefied gas to a gas consumer, and a method of operating the same are disclosed. The liquefied gas regasification system includes: a supply pump discharging liquefied gas from a liquefied gas storage tank; a high-pressure pump receiving liquefied gas from the liquefied gas storage tank and compressing the liquefied gas; and a fourth liquefied gas supply line connecting the supply pump to the high-pressure pump, wherein the supply pump is directly connected to the high-pressure pump through the fourth liquefied gas supply line, such that liquefied gas is directly supplied to the high-pressure pump by the supply pump.