1. A method for producing a holding device (1), wherein a light guide channel (2) is formed in the holding device (1) and extends from a first end section (2a) to a second end section (2b) of the holding device (1), wherein the first end section (2a) has a receiving region, in which a first optical element (3) can be fastened in a form-fitting manner, wherein the second end section (2b) has a stop surface (5) for the connection to a second optical element (4), and wherein the method comprises the following steps:

a) providing the first optical element (3),

b) providing an injection molding device for carrying out an injection molding process, wherein the injection molding device has two mold halves,

c) introducing the first optical element (3) into the first mold half of the injection molding device,

d) closing the mold halves,

e) forming the first end section (2a) of the holding device,

f) forming a shell of the holding device (1), which encloses the light guide channel (2),

g) forming the second end section (2b), which terminates the shell of the holding device (1), together with the stop surface (5).

The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle illumination and, in particular, relates to a vehicle lamp optical element assembly, a vehicle lamp comprising the vehicle lamp optical element assembly, and an automobile comprising the vehicle lamp. The vehicle lamp optical element assembly comprises a primary optical element assembly and a secondary optical element assembly, wherein the primary optical element assembly comprises a primary optical element and a first support for supporting the primary optical element, and the secondary optical element assembly comprises a secondary optical element and a second support for supporting the secondary optical element, wherein the first support and the second support are connected in a matching manner so as to enable the primary optical element and the secondary optical element to be relatively fixed. The primary optical element and the secondary optical element are assembled into an integral structure, such that relative positions of the primary optical element and the secondary optical element are directly determined, and direct positioning between the primary optical element and the secondary optical element is realized. The positioning precision and the mounting reliability of the primary optical element and the secondary optical element can be ensured, such that the accuracy and functional stability of a light shape of the vehicle lamp are ensured.

In a vacuum valve, as a heat dissipation structure thereof, a heat dissipation layer is provided to a part of the surface of each of a fixed conductor and a movable conductor which are a heat generation part, and a radiation heat absorption layer is provided to an insulation cylinder so as to be opposed to the heat dissipation layer. The heat dissipation layer and the radiation heat absorption layer are each formed from a ceramic having a high emissivity. Heat generated at the fixed conductor and the movable conductor is radiated by the heat dissipation layer, to be absorbed by the radiation heat absorption layer, and then radiated to the outside of the vacuum valve from the radiation heat absorption layer and a ceramic layer.

In a vacuum valve, as a heat dissipation structure thereof, a heat dissipation layer is provided to a part of the surface of each of a fixed conductor and a movable conductor which are a heat generation part, and a radiation heat absorption layer is provided to an insulation cylinder so as to be opposed to the heat dissipation layer. The heat dissipation layer and the radiation heat absorption layer are each formed from a ceramic having a high emissivity. Heat generated at the fixed conductor and the movable conductor is radiated by the heat dissipation layer, to be absorbed by the radiation heat absorption layer, and then radiated to the outside of the vacuum valve from the radiation heat absorption layer and a ceramic layer.

A lamp for a vehicle includes a light source configured to emit light; a light guide provided in front of the light source and into which the light is incident; and a heat dissipation unit provided in close contact with one side of the light guide. The light guide includes a first recessed region formed on a bottom surface of the light guide and having an upward recessed shape, and the heat dissipation unit is provided in close contact with the first recessed region.

The present invention relates to an optical element of a vehicle light module, the light module including at least one light source, the rays emitted from which pass through a transparent optical surface of the optical element and emerge in the form of a light beam, the transparent optical surface extending mainly along a transverse axis between a first transverse end and a second transverse end, with the optical element including at least one means for attachment to the light module at each of the transverse ends of the transparent optical surface.

The invention provides a luminescent element (1000) comprising a solid luminescent body (100), wherein the solid luminescent body (100) comprises a luminescent material (200), wherein the luminescent material (200) is configured to generate luminescent material light (201) upon excitation with light having a wavelength where the luminescent material (200) is excitable, wherein the solid luminescent body (100) comprises luminescent body faces (120), wherein the luminescent element (1000) further comprises one or more reflective elements (300) associated to at least one luminescent body face (120), wherein the one or more reflective elements (300) are metallic, and wherein a surface coverage of the at least one luminescent body face (120) with the one or more reflective elements (300) is selected from the range of 5-40%.

A vehicular apparatus includes: a housing that is configured to be attached to a vehicle; and a first light source and a second light source that are provided in the housing to emit light having main wavelengths in mutually different wavelength ranges. The first light source emits light having a main wavelength in 490 nm-498 nm while the vehicle is being automatically driven.

A heatsink, a light-emitting diode (LED) module and a corresponding method of manufacture are described. A heatsink includes an electrically conductive heatsink core and an electrically insulating layer covering at least the first surface of the electrically conductive heatsink core. The electrically conductive heatsink core has a first pin that is integral with the electrically conductive heatsink core and protrudes from a first surface of the heatsink core. At least the first surface of the heatsink core is covered by an electrically insulating layer, which leaves at least portions of a lateral surface of the first pin exposed from the electrically insulating layer.

A heatsink, a light-emitting diode (LED) module and a corresponding method of manufacture are described. A heatsink includes an electrically conductive heatsink core and an electrically insulating layer covering at least the first surface of the electrically conductive heatsink core. The electrically conductive heatsink core has a first pin that is integral with the electrically conductive heatsink core and protrudes from a first surface of the heatsink core. At least the first surface of the heatsink core is covered by an electrically insulating layer, which leaves at least portions of a lateral surface of the first pin exposed from the electrically insulating layer.