A vehicle includes a light source configured to emit light. A substrate defines a surface. The surface integrally defines an optical grating. A light transmissive layer is positioned over the optical grating. The light source is configured to direct the light through the light transmissive layer to the optical grating.

An embodiment relates to a vehicular lamp and a vehicle comprising the same, the vehicular lamp comprising: a lens portion; and a light source portion for emitting light toward the lens portion, wherein the lens portion comprises a body having least one curved surface and a film portion arranged on one side of the body so as to generate a 3D stereoscopic image using the light, and the lens portion is injected in an in-mold labelling (IML) type using a mold. Accordingly, the design-related degree of freedom can be improved, thereby providing an enhanced aesthetic appearance, and the manufacturing process can be simplified, thereby improving the productivity.

An example luminaire includes a laser light source, a photoluminescent material and a holographic optical element. The holographic optical element has a hologram optically coupled to the laser light source and to the photoluminescent material. The hologram is configured to distribute light received from the laser light source as a pattern of light to the photoluminescent material.

A tunable luminaire includes a laser light source and at least two different holograms. A beam of light is selectively directed from the laser light source to a first hologram in a first state of the luminaire to enable the luminaire to output light of a first characteristic. A beam of light is selectively directed from the laser light source to a second hologram in a second state of the luminaire to enable the luminaire to output light of a different second characteristic. For example, in the different states, different patterns of light from the holograms pass through and pump different photoluminescent materials, to produce luminaire light outputs in the different states having a different color characteristic. In other examples, in the different states, different patterns of light from the holograms pass through different elements or portions of an optical system to provide light outputs having different distributions.

Provided is a lighting device capable of safely illuminating a region to be illuminated having a first direction while making its edge sharp. A lighting device illuminates a region to be illuminated extending in a first direction and extending in a second direction intersecting with the first direction. The lighting device includes a light source and a diffractive optical element having a first hologram component and a second hologram component both of which diffract light from the light source and direct the light to the region to be illuminated, wherein the diffracted light from the first hologram component illuminates the entire region of the region to be illuminated and the diffracted light from the second hologram component illuminates the entire region of the region to be illuminated.

A tunable luminaire includes a laser light source and at least two different holograms. A beam of light is selectively directed from the laser light source to a first hologram in a first state of the luminaire to enable the luminaire to output light of a first characteristic. A beam of light is selectively directed from the laser light source to a second hologram in a second state of the luminaire to enable the luminaire to output light of a different second characteristic. For example, in the different states, different patterns of light from the holograms pass through and pump different photoluminescent materials, to produce luminaire light outputs in the different states having a different color characteristic. In other examples, in the different states, different patterns of light from the holograms pass through different elements or portions of an optical system to provide light outputs having different distributions.

A vehicle includes a light source configured to emit light. A substrate defines a surface. The surface integrally defines an optical grating. A light transmissive layer is positioned over the optical grating. The light source is configured to direct the light through the light transmissive layer to the optical grating.

An example luminaire includes a laser light source, a photoluminescent material and a holographic optical element. The holographic optical element has a hologram optically coupled to the laser light source and to the photoluminescent material. The hologram is configured to distribute light received from the laser light source as a pattern of light to the photoluminescent material.

An example lighting device has a luminaire. The luminaire includes a laser light source configured to be driven by electrical power to emit laser light rays, a phosphor plate, and a solid medium freeform prism or waveguide. The solid medium freeform prism or waveguide confines incoming laser light ray emitted from the laser light source inside the solid medium until conversion into illumination lighting by the phosphor plate. The solid medium includes an input surface or lens coupled to the laser light source, an output surface, and a highly reflective internal surface to reflect laser light rays to propagate inside the solid medium until emission through the output surface. The phosphor plate is coupled to the output surface of the solid medium to convert the reflected laser light rays into the illumination lighting to emit from the luminaire.

An example lighting device has a luminaire. The luminaire includes a laser light source configured to be driven by electrical power to emit laser light rays, a phosphor plate, and a solid medium freeform prism or waveguide. The solid medium freeform prism or waveguide confines incoming laser light ray emitted from the laser light source inside the solid medium until conversion into illumination lighting by the phosphor plate. The solid medium includes an input surface or lens coupled to the laser light source, an output surface, and a highly reflective internal surface to reflect laser light rays to propagate inside the solid medium until emission through the output surface. The phosphor plate is coupled to the output surface of the solid medium to convert the reflected laser light rays into the illumination lighting to emit from the luminaire.