LED lamp systems having improved light quality are disclosed. The lamps emit more than 500 lm and more than 2% of the power in the spectral power distribution is emitted within a wavelength range from about 390 nm to about 430 nm.

An illumination apparatus includes a light source, an optical member, and an integrator. The optical member is rotatable around a rotation axis AR. A planar shape of the optical member is annular around the rotation axis AR. A first surface of the optical member is provided with a recessed and protruding portion. Multiple recessed and protruding structure units are consecutively formed on the optical member . Adjacent recessed and protruding structure units are in a mirror symmetry relation, and the recessed and protruding portions of the adjacent recessed and protruding structure units are smoothly connected together. Recessed portions and protruding portions of the recessed and protruding portion of each recessed and protruding structure unit are smoothly connected together. An area occupied by the recessed and protruding portion of each recessed and protruding structure unit is larger in size than incident light from the light surface.

Provided is a wavelength converting composite member including: a disk-shaped substrate; a first wavelength converting member provided on the substrate and containing a first phosphor that radiates fluorescence due to a parity-forbidden transition; and a second wavelength converting member provided on the substrate and containing a second phosphor that radiates fluorescence due to a parity-allowed transition. The first wavelength converting member and the second wavelength converting member are disposed adjacent to each other along the circumferential direction of the substrate. The first wavelength converting member and the second wavelength converting member are provided on the substrate in such a way that the position of the center of gravity of the entirety of the first wavelength converting member and the second wavelength converting member is located on the rotation axis of the substrate. A light emitting device is provided with the wavelength converting composite member.

Provided is a wavelength converting composite member including: a disk-shaped substrate; a first wavelength converting member provided on the substrate and containing a first phosphor that radiates fluorescence due to a parity-forbidden transition; and a second wavelength converting member provided on the substrate and containing a second phosphor that radiates fluorescence due to a parity-allowed transition. The first wavelength converting member and the second wavelength converting member are disposed adjacent to each other along the circumferential direction of the substrate. The first wavelength converting member and the second wavelength converting member are provided on the substrate in such a way that the position of the center of gravity of the entirety of the first wavelength converting member and the second wavelength converting member is located on the rotation axis of the substrate. A light emitting device is provided with the wavelength converting composite member.

A light emitting device includes: a light emitting unit; an optical member configured to transmit or pass light emitted by the light emitting unit, the optical member including: a first region configured to transmit or pass light having a first chromaticity; and a second region configured to transmit or pass light having a second chromaticity different from the first chromaticity; and a movable member configured to move to change a distance between the light emitting unit and the optical member along an optical axis of the light emitting unit.

A light emitting device (1) is a light emitting device for use in a photodynamic therapy. The light emitting device includes: a solid-state light-emitting element (2) that emits primary light in which an energy density is 0.5 W/mm.sup.2 or more; and a wavelength converter (3) including a first phosphor (4) that emits first wavelength-converted light (7). The first wavelength-converted light has a light component across at least a whole of a wavelength range of 700 nm or more and less than 800 nm. Energy of fluorescence emitted from the wavelength converter is 100 mW or more. A medical device includes the light emitting device.

A light emitting device (1) is a light emitting device for use in a photodynamic therapy. The light emitting device includes: a solid-state light-emitting element (2) that emits primary light in which an energy density is 0.5 W/mm.sup.2 or more; and a wavelength converter (3) including a first phosphor (4) that emits first wavelength-converted light (7). The first wavelength-converted light has a light component across at least a whole of a wavelength range of 700 nm or more and less than 800 nm. Energy of fluorescence emitted from the wavelength converter is 100 mW or more. A medical device includes the light emitting device.

The wavelength conversion member includes a wavelength conversion layer containing quantum dots, in which the wavelength conversion layer is provided between two substrates, at least one of the two substrates has a barrier layer, the wavelength conversion member has a total thickness of 120 .Math.m or less, the wavelength conversion member has a rub resistance of 100 g or more, and the wavelength conversion member exhibits a bend resistance of a mandrel diameter of 4 mm or less in a bend resistance test carried out according to a cylindrical mandrel method specified in JIS K 5600-5-1:1999.

A photoconversion device includes a holder, a wavelength converter, and an optical element. The holder holds an output portion that outputs excitation light. The wavelength converter includes an incident surface section including a protruding surface to receive the excitation light from the output portion and emits fluorescence in response to the excitation light incident on the incident surface section. The optical element includes a focal point surrounded by the incident surface to direct the fluorescence emitted by the wavelength converter in a predetermined direction.

A device for indicating lock status of a motor vehicle door includes a door lock status indicator carried on a window of the motor vehicle door. A device for indicating a turn signal of a motor vehicle includes a turn signal indicator carried on a window of the motor vehicle. These devices may be combined into a single lighting module.