A plasma heating apparatus including a boiler vessel for holding water to be heated, a cathode housed in the vessel, the cathode defining a watertight cathode chamber isolated from the water in the vessel, and, an anode housed in the cathode chamber, the anode including an internal passage for receiving a gas from outside of the vessel when the passage is connected to a gas supply, and wherein the anode is connectable to a power source for receiving power for generating a plasma in the cathode chamber. In another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a heat or power generating system or plant including the plasma heating apparatus.

A clothes care apparatus includes a main body including a care room accommodating clothes and a steam generator configured to generate steam to be supplied to the care room. The steam generator includes a case having a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface with respect to a center line. A first housing is coupled to the case between the first side surface and the center line, and a second housing is coupled to the case between the second side surface and the center line. A first electrode is supported by the first housing, and a second electrode is supported by the second housing and separated from the first electrode.

A steam generating humidifier apparatus (1) comprises a water container (2) with a water inlet (11) and a steam outlet (12) and at least two elongated electrodes (3, 4) arranged vertically within the container. The electrodes have each an upper electrode end (3′, 4′) and a lower electrode end (3″, 4″) and at least one of the electrodes is provided at its lower electrode end with an end piece (15) made of an electrically non-conducting material which end piece is connected to the lower electrode end. This will avoid arcing between the electrode and the water surface in cases where the water level drops so low that the electrodes are exposed.

A steam generating humidifier apparatus (1) comprises a water container (2) with a water inlet (11) and a steam outlet (12) and at least two elongated electrodes (3, 4) arranged vertically within the container. The electrodes have each an upper electrode end (3′, 4′) and a lower electrode end (3″, 4″) and at least one of the electrodes is provided at its lower electrode end with an end piece (15) made of an electrically non-conducting material which end piece is connected to the lower electrode end. This will avoid arcing between the electrode and the water surface in cases where the water level drops so low that the electrodes are exposed.

An oscillator including a tuned resonating cavity uses an alternating electrostatic unipolar burst of voltage to oscillate water molecules into a superheated state. Particle displacement is achieved by opposite electrical charge potentials as the electromotive force mover upon water molecules. These short oscillations cause elastic and inelastic particle impacting of the bipolar water molecules. The oscillator of the present invention is implemented with a dual-switching transformer which is tuned to resonate with water. Electrodes are formed of an electro-conductive material submerged in/or around the water. Resonant metallic capacitive vessels are made in various shapes and sizes to reach determined thermal radiating electromagnetic levels as they are progressively oscillated during operations.

A heating system comprising: a liquid supply system; a cell configured to: receive liquid from the liquid supply system, provide heating thereof, and output heated fluid; a work extraction system configured to extract useable work from heated fluid output from the cell; wherein the cell comprises: (i) a housing arranged to define an internal portion for receiving liquid to be heated, and (ii) a plurality of electrodes configured to apply electrical energy to fluid in the internal portion; and wherein the electrodes are configured to apply electrical energy to said fluid in the internal portion to generate one or more bubbles of plasma for releasing energy into said fluid in the internal portion and the housing to provide heating of the fluid in the internal portion.

A heating system comprising: a liquid supply system; a cell configured to: receive liquid from the liquid supply system, provide heating thereof, and output heated fluid; a work extraction system configured to extract useable work from heated fluid output from the cell; wherein the cell comprises: (i) a housing arranged to define an internal portion for receiving liquid to be heated, and (ii) a plurality of electrodes configured to apply electrical energy to fluid in the internal portion; and wherein the electrodes are configured to apply electrical energy to said fluid in the internal portion to generate one or more bubbles of plasma for releasing energy into said fluid in the internal portion and the housing to provide heating of the fluid in the internal portion.

An oscillator including a tuned resonating cavity uses an alternating electrostatic unipolar burst of voltage to oscillate water molecules into a superheated state. Particle displacement is achieved by opposite electrical charge potentials as the electromotive force mover upon water molecules. These short oscillations cause elastic and inelastic particle impacting of the bipolar water molecules. The oscillator of the present invention is implemented with a dual-switching transformer which is tuned to resonate with water. Electrodes are formed of an electro-conductive material submerged in/or around the water. Resonant metallic capacitive vessels are made in various shapes and sizes to reach determined thermal radiating electromagnetic levels as they are progressively oscillated during operations.

An oscillator including a tuned resonating cavity uses an alternating electrostatic unipolar burst of voltage to oscillate water molecules into a superheated state. Particle displacement is achieved by opposite electrical charge potentials as the electromotive force mover upon water molecules. These short oscillations cause elastic and inelastic particle impacting of the bipolar water molecules. The oscillator of the present invention is implemented with a dual-switching transformer which is tuned to resonate with water. Electrodes are formed of an electro-conductive material submerged in/or around the water. Resonant metallic capacitive vessels are made in various shapes and sizes to reach determined thermal radiating electromagnetic levels as they are progressively oscillated during operations.

A device for converting a liquid into vapor, having an evaporation surface, a liquid inlet, a heater for heating the evaporation surface, a flow controller, a control unit configured to control a liquid flow rate injected into the liquid inlet, a chamber containing the evaporation surface, and a temperature sensor arranged on the evaporation surface. The control unit is configured to control a heating power of the heater according to a flow rate and to a temperature measured by the temperature sensor according to a predetermined control law. The predetermined control law varies, for each flow rate, non-linearly and inversely proportionally to the difference between a reference temperature of the chamber and the measured temperature.