Safety devices prevent packaged catalytic converters from being expelled from stacks, or at least reduce the velocity with which such a package may be expelled, in case of an explosion in a bio-fueled appliance, such as a wood-burning stove.

Safety devices prevent packaged catalytic converters from being expelled from stacks, or at least reduce the velocity with which such a package may be expelled, in case of an explosion in a bio-fueled appliance, such as a wood-burning stove.

A non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance includes, for example, a housing having a combustion chamber therein. The housing has a loading door opening coverable by a door for loading fuel into the combustion chamber, an air inlet opening for receiving an air supply to the combustion chamber, and an exit opening connectable to a flue. A catalyst combustor is disposed between the combustion chamber and the exit opening. When the door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance is disposed in a closed position covering the loading door opening, gas from the combustion chamber is directed through the catalyst combustor, and out the flue. When the door of the non-bypassable catalyst assisted appliance is disposed in an open position allowing loading of fuel through the loading door opening to the combustion chamber, ambient air entering the loading door opening and gas from the combustion chamber are directed through the catalyst combustor, and out the flue.

A controlled kiln and manufacturing system for biochar production includes control systems and subsystems. An example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus, includes a chimney configured for heating by pyrolysis and for exhausting smoke from the combustion chamber. The example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus also includes a plurality of exhaust inlet pipes configured to pass smoke from the combustion chamber to the chimney.

A controlled kiln and manufacturing system for biochar production includes control systems and subsystems. An example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus, includes a chimney configured for heating by pyrolysis and for exhausting smoke from the combustion chamber. The example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus also includes a plurality of exhaust inlet pipes configured to pass smoke from the combustion chamber to the chimney.

An example heat recovery apparatus includes a chimney configured to exhaust air and smoke from a biochar kiln combustion chamber. The example heat recovery apparatus also includes a heat exchanger configured to recover heat from the chimney and provide the heat to a secondary application.

An example heat recovery apparatus includes a chimney configured to exhaust air and smoke from a biochar kiln combustion chamber. The example heat recovery apparatus also includes a heat exchanger configured to recover heat from the chimney and provide the heat to a secondary application.

A controlled kiln and manufacturing system for biochar production includes control systems and subsystems. An example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus, includes a chimney configured for heating by pyrolysis and for exhausting smoke from the combustion chamber. The example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus also includes a plurality of exhaust inlet pipes configured to pass smoke from the combustion chamber to the chimney.

A controlled kiln and manufacturing system for biochar production includes control systems and subsystems. An example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus, includes a chimney configured for heating by pyrolysis and for exhausting smoke from the combustion chamber. The example biochar kiln exhaust apparatus also includes a plurality of exhaust inlet pipes configured to pass smoke from the combustion chamber to the chimney.

Safety devices prevent packaged catalytic converters from being expelled from stacks, or at least reduce the velocity with which such a package may be expelled, in case of an explosion in a bio-fueled appliance, such as a wood-burning stove.