A catalyst regenerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, as a catalyst regenerator that regenerates a coked catalyst separated from a product produced in an endothermic catalytic reaction of a fluidized bed reactor, includes: a reaction chamber that includes a regeneration space, receives the coked catalyst from a standpipe connected to the regeneration space, and discharges a regenerated catalyst to an outlet; a fuel supplier that is connected to the reaction chamber to inject a fuel for combustion into the regeneration space; and a fuel supplier that is connected to the reaction chamber to inject an air for combustion into the regeneration space, wherein the fuel injected from the fuel supplier is a reformed fuel containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

A method and apparatus for heating a furnace using a burner system having first and second burner assemblies, each including a burner and a regenerative media bed, the method including operating the first burner assembly in a firing mode and the second burner assembly in a regeneration mode, switching the first burner assembly from the firing mode to the regeneration mode and the second burner assembly from the regeneration mode to the firing mode, and operating the second burner assembly in the firing mode and the first burner assembly in the regeneration mode. The burner assembly in the firing mode may be fired in either a first operating mode where the burner is supplied with preheated low calorific fuel and the burner is supplied with oxidizing gas or a second operating mode where the burner is supplied with preheated oxidizing gas and the burner is supplied with high calorific fuel.

A method and apparatus for heating a furnace using a burner system having first and second burner assemblies, each including a burner and a regenerative media bed, the method including operating the first burner assembly in a firing mode and the second burner assembly in a regeneration mode, switching the first burner assembly from the firing mode to the regeneration mode and the second burner assembly from the regeneration mode to the firing mode, and operating the second burner assembly in the firing mode and the first burner assembly in the regeneration mode. The burner assembly in the firing mode may be fired in either a first operating mode where the burner is supplied with preheated low calorific fuel and the burner is supplied with oxidizing gas or a second operating mode where the burner is supplied with preheated oxidizing gas and the burner is supplied with high calorific fuel.

An oxygen fired fluidized bed combustor system (Oxy-FBC) is provided. The system provides means of producing a nearly pure stream of carbon dioxide for storage at high efficiency by controlling the oxygen content within certain regions of the combustor to control the rate of heat release allowing efficient transfer of heat from the combustor to the boiler tubes while avoiding excessively high temperatures that will cause ash melting, and simultaneously remove sulphur from the combustor via sorbents such as limestone and dolomite. The present invention utilizes a coarse oxygen carrier bed material to distribute heat and oxygen throughout an Oxy-FBC, while injecting fine sulphur sorbent that will continuously be removed from the bed.

An oxygen fired fluidized bed combustor system (Oxy-FBC) is provided. The system provides means of producing a nearly pure stream of carbon dioxide for storage at high efficiency by controlling the oxygen content within certain regions of the combustor to control the rate of heat release allowing efficient transfer of heat from the combustor to the boiler tubes while avoiding excessively high temperatures that will cause ash melting, and simultaneously remove sulphur from the combustor via sorbents such as limestone and dolomite. The present invention utilizes a coarse oxygen carrier bed material to distribute heat and oxygen throughout an Oxy-FBC, while injecting fine sulphur sorbent that will continuously be removed from the bed.

A chemical looping combustion (CLC) based power generation, particularly using liquid fuel, ensures substantially complete fuel combustion and provides electrical efficiency without exposing metal oxide based oxygen carrier to high temperature redox process. An integrated fuel gasification (reforming)-CLC-followed by power generation model is provided involving (i) a gasification island, (ii) CLC island, (iii) heat recovery unit, and (iv) power generation system. To improve electrical efficiency, a fraction of the gasified fuel may be directly fed, or bypass the CLC, to a combustor upstream of one or more gas turbines. This splitting approach ensures higher temperature (efficiency) in the gas turbine inlet. The inert mass ratio, air flow rate to the oxidation reactor, and pressure of the system may be tailored to affect the performance of the integrated CLC system and process.

Disclosed herein are a fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler with a plurality of risers for preventing erosion and corrosion of water tubes and increasing combustion efficiency, and a method of operating the same. The fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler with a plurality of risers includes a boiler section into which fuel and oxidizer are injected, a riser section connected to the boiler section so that the fuel and fluid sand supplied from the boiler section are introduced from the bottom of the riser section and flow up, and a relay section provided on the boiler section to supply the fluid sand having passed through the riser section to the boiler section, wherein the fuel is injected from the top of the boiler section and burned while flowing down therein.

Disclosed herein are a fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler with a plurality of risers for preventing erosion and corrosion of water tubes and increasing combustion efficiency, and a method of operating the same. The fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler with a plurality of risers includes a boiler section into which fuel and oxidizer are injected, a riser section connected to the boiler section so that the fuel and fluid sand supplied from the boiler section are introduced from the bottom of the riser section and flow up, and a relay section provided on the boiler section to supply the fluid sand having passed through the riser section to the boiler section, wherein the fuel is injected from the top of the boiler section and burned while flowing down therein.

The present disclosure relates to fluidized-bed boilers and methods for controlling bed agglomeration that can occur when biomass containing high amounts of phosphorus is used as fuel. Iron-containing compounds, such as iron oxide, are added to the fluidized bed to tie up the phosphorus in a form that will not react under typical operating conditions for fluidized-bed boilers.

The invention relates to a method and to a plant for chemical looping oxidation-reduction combustion (CLC) of a gaseous hydrocarbon feed, for example natural gas essentially containing methane. According to the invention, catalytic steam reforming of the feed is performed between two successive feed combustion steps on contact with an oxidation-reduction active mass in form of particles. The reforming catalyst is arranged in a fixed bed in an intermediate reforming zone (130) between the two reduction zones (120, 140) where the two combustion steps are conducted.