One object of the present invention is to provide a burner which makes it possible to prevent blockage and damage of the nozzle by the molten metal and the slag, and the present invention provides a burner including a combustion supporting gas supply passage which is configured to supply a combustion supporting gas toward a combustion supporting gas outlet provided at the center of the tip end side; a fuel supply passage which is configured to supply a fuel toward a fuel ejection outlet provided around the combustion supporting gas outlet; and a protective nozzle provided from a position surrounding a periphery of the fuel ejection outlet so as to project forward beyond the tip end surface at which the combustion supporting gas ejection outlet and the fuel ejection outlet are provided; wherein the combustion supporting gas supply passage includes a Laval nozzle, and a diameter-enlarged nozzle of which a diameter gradually increases from the tip end of the Laval nozzle toward the combustion supporting gas ejection outlet, and the protective nozzle has a shape which is gradually reduced in diameter forward from the tip end surface.

One object of the present invention is to provide a burner which makes it possible to prevent blockage and damage of the nozzle by the molten metal and the slag, and the present invention provides a burner including a combustion supporting gas supply passage which is configured to supply a combustion supporting gas toward a combustion supporting gas outlet provided at the center of the tip end side; a fuel supply passage which is configured to supply a fuel toward a fuel ejection outlet provided around the combustion supporting gas outlet; and a protective nozzle provided from a position surrounding a periphery of the fuel ejection outlet so as to project forward beyond the tip end surface at which the combustion supporting gas ejection outlet and the fuel ejection outlet are provided; wherein the combustion supporting gas supply passage includes a Laval nozzle, and a diameter-enlarged nozzle of which a diameter gradually increases from the tip end of the Laval nozzle toward the combustion supporting gas ejection outlet, and the protective nozzle has a shape which is gradually reduced in diameter forward from the tip end surface.

A combustion system includes a fuel and oxidant source and a flame holder. The flame holder includes a plurality of discrete slats arranged in parallel defining combustion channels between adjacent slats. Pairs of adjacent slats may be oriented to operate substantially as a V-gutter. The fuel and oxidant source outputs fuel and oxidant into the combustion channels. The flame holder holds a combustion reaction of the fuel and oxidant in the combustion channels.

A combustion system includes a fuel and oxidant source and a flame holder. The flame holder includes a plurality of discrete slats arranged in parallel defining combustion channels between adjacent slats. Pairs of adjacent slats may be oriented to operate substantially as a V-gutter. The fuel and oxidant source outputs fuel and oxidant into the combustion channels. The flame holder holds a combustion reaction of the fuel and oxidant in the combustion channels.

Provided is a surface combustion burner which solves the passage blocking in a combustion part caused by dust, and enables stable combustion for a long term. The surface combustion burner comprises: a nozzle configured to discharge fuel gas and air for combustion; and a laminate, provided on a tip of the nozzle, in which a plurality of mesh plates is laminated, wherein the laminate includes a portion having an offset arrangement between at least any adjacent ones of the mesh plates.

Provided is a surface combustion burner which solves the passage blocking in a combustion part caused by dust, and enables stable combustion for a long term. The surface combustion burner comprises: a nozzle configured to discharge fuel gas and air for combustion; and a laminate, provided on a tip of the nozzle, in which a plurality of mesh plates is laminated, wherein the laminate includes a portion having an offset arrangement between at least any adjacent ones of the mesh plates.

Process for combusting a fuel with an oxidant and burner for the implementation thereof, process wherein at least one stream of the fuel is injected through at least one first perforation, a main flow of oxidant is injected below or above the one or more streams of the fuel through at least one second perforation, an auxiliary flow of the oxidant is introduced into contact with the at least one fuel stream so as to generate an initial flame by an initial partial combustion of the fuel with the auxiliary flow of the oxidant, this initial partial combustion being completed downstream of the initial flame by means of the at least one main stream of the oxidant, the flow rate of the main flow of the oxidant or the ratio between the flow rate of the main flow of the oxidant and the flow rate of the auxiliary flow of the oxidant being adjusted depending on the emission intensity of the initial flame.

Disclosed are an oxygen-enriched acid gas incinerator burner. A refractory lining is arranged on an inner wall of a housing. A rear part of an inner cavity of the housing is connected to a throat opening. A pure oxygen spray gun, an acid gas spray gun, and a fuel gas spray gun are arranged in a pipe-in-pipe structure from outside to inside. A rear part of the pure oxygen spray gun is fixed within the inner cavity. A front part of the acid gas spray gun is fixed through a flange at an outer end of the pure oxygen spray gun. A front part of the fuel gas spray gun is fixed through a flange at an outer end of the acid gas spray gun. A combustion-supporting air inlet is formed on the housing, and a lower part thereof is communicated with a gas collection chamber.

A flow distribution system for distributing and dividing the flows of at least two separate fluids, the distribution system comprising: a three-dimensional nested structure of at least two fluid transporting fractals comprising at least a first fluid transporting fractal and a second fluid transporting fractal, each fluid transporting fractal having a respective fluid inlet which bifurcates to a plurality of fluid outlets, each fluid transporting fractal being configured to facilitate a flow therethrough independent from a flow in the other fluid transporting fractal, each fluid transporting fractal extending along and about a central axis between fluid inlet and a plurality of fluid outlets; wherein each fluid transporting fractals comprises of a series of recursive bifurcation units assembled in a selected number of stages, each bifurcation unit comprising a Y-shaped bifurcated element which is fluidly connected to two successive bifurcation units, each successive bifurcation unit being rotated relative to the central axis by an angle of between 60 and 120 degrees relative to the previous stage; each fluid transporting fractal is intertwined with the other fluid transporting fractal; each fluid transporting fractal is positioned offset from the other fluid transporting fractal about the central axis and are arranged such that each fluid outlet from one of the fluid transporting fractals is located adjoining a fluid outlet of the other fluid transporting fractal, and each fluid transporting fractal is centered about a flow axis which is laterally inclined from greater than 0 to 20 degrees from the central axis and longitudinally inclined from greater than 0 to 20 degrees from the central axis.

A gas injection system includes a tubular wall 3 capable of being thermally stressed and having a proximal extremity and a distal extremity 11, at the distal extremity, at least one extremity opening through which at least one gas is projected. A cooling is system located in the tubular wall including axial channels 12 which extend axially towards the distal extremity and in which a cooling fluid is circulated. Connecting channels 13 circumferentially join the axial channels to each other at the distal extremity of the tubular wall. The connecting channels, which circumferentially join the axial channels at the distal extremity of the tubular wall, have a rounded shape in the direction of the distal extremity.