The invention provides an apparatus which consists of two fluidized beds 1 and 2 separated by a vertical divides' 5. A positive displacement device such as an auger 3 moves the bed material from the reduction side to the combustion side of the device below the fluidization zone. The height of the two fluidized beds is equalized by movement of the bed material through a hole 4 In the vertical divider, from the high temperature side 1 (zone 1) to the tow temperature side 2 (zone 2). The bed material that moves through the hole 4 provides energy to drive reactions that may occur on the reduction side. Energy may also be provided to zone 2 by means of conductive and radiative heat transfer through the dividing wall 5. Energy is provided to zone 1 by means of an exothermic reaction, typically combustion of a fuel 13 using air 12.

A thermochemical system & method may be configured to convert an organic feedstock to various products. A thermochemical system may include a solid material feed module, a reactor module, an afterburner module, and a solid product finishing module. The various operational parameters (temperature, pressure, etc.) of the various modules may vary depending on the desired products. The product streams may be gaseous, vaporous, liquid, and/or solid.

Systems and methods are disclosed for pyrolysis of waste feed material. Some systems include a main retort and a secondary retort. Syngas is produced by pyrolysis in the main retort, and is then mixed with combustion air and ignited, in some cases to produce energy. Carbon char travels to the secondary retort and is exhausted from the system through an airlock.

A method and apparatus are described for supplying municipal solid waste (MSW), and/or other types of solid waste comprising both organic waste material and inorganic waste material, into a plasma gasifier reactor (PGR) in which the solid waste is to be processed.

Systems and methods are disclosed for pyrolysis of waste feed material. Some systems include a main retort and a secondary retort. Syngas is produced by pyrolysis in the main retort, and is then mixed with combustion air and ignited, in some cases to produce energy. Carbon char travels to the secondary retort and is exhausted from the system through an airlock.

A process and system for the treatment of solid waste based on a temperature gradient generated by two distinct thermal sources, notably of a sequenced technological assembly, is able to process solid waste of any class, which operates through a reactor (1) having two chambers (2 and 3), each having a thermal source (4 and 5), where a thermal gradient is generated, followed by a heat exchanger (6) where gases are abruptly cooled and taken to a neutralizing tank (7), for then being directed to an activated charcoal filter (8), due to the action of a blower (9), before finally entering a burner (10) that works under electrical discharges, passing through a catalytic converter (11) and chimney (12) where it is extravasated into the completely inert atmosphere.

A system for removing contaminants from a pyrolysis fluid is provided. The system comprises a recirculation loop; and a bleed off line. The recirculation loop comprises a quenching vessel; separation apparatus; a recirculation line; and cooling apparatus. The quenching vessel has: a first inlet for receiving a supply of pyrolysis fluid; a second inlet arranged to receive a recirculated fluid; and an outlet for expelling quenched pyrolysis fluid. The separation apparatus is for removing contaminants from the quenched pyrolysis fluid to provide a clarified flow, the separation apparatus arranged to receive quenched pyrolysis fluid from the outlet. The recirculation line is arranged to receive at least a recirculation portion of the clarified flow and recirculate the recirculation portion to the second inlet. The cooling apparatus is arranged to cool fluid in the recirculation loop. The bleed-off line is for selectively bleeding-off a bleed-off portion of the clarified flow from the recirculation loop.

Systems and methods are disclosed for pyrolysis of waste feed material. Some systems include a main retort and a secondary retort. Syngas is produced by pyrolysis in the main retort, and is then mixed with combustion air and ignited, in some cases to produce energy. Carbon char travels to the secondary retort and is exhausted from the system through an airlock.