Disclosed is a system and method for the combustion of biomass material employing a swirling fluidized bed combustion (SFBC) chamber, and preferably a second stage combustion carried out in a cyclone separator. In the combustion chamber, primary air is introduced from a bottom air box that fluidizes the bed material and fuel, and staged secondary air is introduced in the tangential direction and at varied vertical positions in the combustion chamber so as to cause the materials in the combustion chamber (i.e., the mixture of air and particles) to swirl. The secondary air injection can have a significant effect on the air-fuel particle flow in the combustion chamber, and more particularly strengthens the swirling flow, promotes axial recirculation, increases particle mass fluxes in the combustion chamber, and retains more fuel particles in the combustion chamber. This process increases the residence time of the particle flow. The turbulent flow of the fuel particles and air is well mixed and mostly burned in the combustion chamber, with any unburned waste and particles being directed to the cyclone separator, where such unburned waste and particles are burned completely, and flying ash is divided and collected in a container connected to the cyclone separator, while dioxin production is significantly minimized if not altogether eliminated. A Stirling engine along with cooling system and engine control box is integrated with the SFBC chamber to produce electricity from the waste combustion process. Residual heat in the flue gas may be captured after the combustion chamber and directed to a fuel feeder to first dry the biomass. System exhaust is directed to a twisted tube-based shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) and may produce hot water for space heating.

A portable, yard waste incinerator system with a large burn tank located on a transport and configured for burning yard waste. Located inside the burn tank is lower primary combustion chamber and an upper secondary chamber, Located inside the primary burn housing with a burner. Propane fuel is connected to an external propane gas source which delivers propane to the burner. The primary burn housing includes a plurality of holes that allows flames and hot gases from the fire and heat from the primary combustion chamber to extend into a secondary combustion chamber. The system also includes a vacuum system which picks up small, loose combustible debris from the yard and delivers the debris and oxygen to the secondary combustion chamber. The system also includes an optional electric generator that energizes the vacuum system and an optional shredder that delivers shredded yard waste to the secondary burning chamber.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a furnace wall in which a throat section with a smaller channel diameter than other regions can be formed using all peripheral wall tubes. Provided is a furnace wall comprising: a plurality of peripheral wall tubes (142), which are disposed so as to form a cylindrical shape when aligned in one direction and through the interior of which cooling water flows; and fins (140) that connect neighboring peripheral wall tubes (142) in an airtight manner. In a throat section in which the diameter of a horizontal cross-section of the cylindrical shape is reduced in comparison to other regions, the peripheral wall tubes (142) are disposed so as to be in mutual contact and the fins (140) are disposed on the inner circumferential sides of the cylindrical shapes.

A gas combustion treatment device that subjects an ammonia-containing gas, a hydrogen cyanide-containing gas, and a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas to combustion treatment includes: a first combustion unit configured to introduce therein fuel, the ammonia-containing gas, the hydrogen cyanide-containing gas, and air and burn and reduce the fuel and the gases at an air ratio lower than 1; a second combustion unit provided downstream of the first combustion unit and configured to burn and reduce, in a reducing atmosphere, nitrogen oxide in a first combustion gas sent from the first combustion unit; and a third combustion unit provided downstream of the second combustion unit and configured to introduce therein hydrogen sulfide-containing gas with air in addition to a second combustion gas sent from the second combustion unit.

The invention relates to a method for producing alkali metal cyanides as solids, comprising the steps: i) an absorption step in the form of the absorption of hydrogen cyanide from a syngas containing hydrogen cyanide in an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution; ii) a preparation step for the waste gases containing cyanide that have accumulated in step i); iii) a crystallization step in the form of the introduction of the alkali metal cyanide solution into an evaporative crystallizer; iv) a condensation step for the vapour containing cyanide that has accumulated in step iii) to obtain a vapour condensate containing cyanide; v) a recirculation step, in which the vapour condensate containing cyanide that has been obtained in step iv) is used as an aqueous liquid in step ii).

The invention relates to a method for producing alkali metal cyanides as solids, comprising the steps: i) an absorption step in the form of the absorption of hydrogen cyanide from a syngas containing hydrogen cyanide in an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution; ii) a preparation step for the waste gases containing cyanide that have accumulated in step i); iii) a crystallization step in the form of the introduction of the alkali metal cyanide solution into an evaporative crystallizer; iv) a condensation step for the vapour containing cyanide that has accumulated in step iii) to obtain a vapour condensate containing cyanide; v) a recirculation step, in which the vapour condensate containing cyanide that has been obtained in step iv) is used as an aqueous liquid in step ii).

A blocking prevention device for a gasification melting system combusts and melts an object to be treated into a slag in a melting furnace after the object to be treated is converted into pyrolysis gas in a gasification furnace, the blocking prevention device including: a slag adhesion prevention device having a slag adhesion prevention capability for preventing adhesion of the slag at an opening part that may be blocked due to the adhesion of the slag; an imaging device that images the opening part; and a control device including a calculation unit that calculates a change rate of an opening area of the opening part using a plurality of images with different capturing times or a video, captured by the imaging device, and a prevention device control unit that changes the slag adhesion prevention capabilities of a plurality of the slag adhesion prevention devices in accordance with the change rate.

A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.

The invention relates to a method for producing alkali metal cyanides as solids, comprising the steps: i) an absorption step in the form of the absorption of hydrogen cyanide from a syngas containing hydrogen cyanide in an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution; ii) a preparation step for the waste gases containing cyanide that have accumulated in step i); iii) a crystallization step in the form of the introduction of the alkali metal cyanide solution into an evaporative crystallizer; iv) a condensation step for the vapour containing cyanide that has accumulated in step iii) to obtain a vapour condensate containing cyanide; v) a recirculation step, in which the vapour condensate containing cyanide that has been obtained in step iv) is used as an aqueous liquid in step ii).

The present invention provides an exhaust gas treatment method and an exhaust gas treatment device which prevent the generation of NO.sub.X, and treat a first exhaust gas and a second exhaust gas with a small amount of fuel, and the exhaust gas treatment method comprises a first combustion step which treats a first exhaust gas discharged from a carbonization furnace for carbonizing a fibrous substance in an inert atmosphere and a graphitization furnace for graphitizing a fibrous substance in an inert atmosphere and a second combustion step of treating a second exhaust gas discharged from a flameproofing furnace for flameproofing a fibrous substance in air atmosphere, wherein the first exhaust gas is combusted at an oxygen ratio of 0.8 or less in the first combustion step, and the second exhaust gas is combusted in the second combustion step using sensible heat and latent heat of a third exhaust gas discharged in the first combustion step.