A combustion staging system is provided for fuel injectors of a multi-stage combustor of a gas turbine engine. The system has a splitting unit which receives a metered total fuel flow and controllably splits the metered total fuel flow into out-going pilot and mains fuel flows to perform pilot-only and pilot-and-mains staging control of the combustor. The system further has pilot and mains fuel manifolds which respectively receive the pilot and mains fuel flows. The system further has a plurality of mains flow scheduling valves which distribute the mains fuel flow from the mains fuel manifold to mains discharge orifices of respective injectors of the combustor. The system further has servo line which extends to the mains flow scheduling valves, the servo line being controllably fillable with pressurised fuel to change the pressure in the servo line relative to the pressure in the mains fuel manifold. Each mains flow scheduling valve has a chamber containing a movable piston, the chamber to a mains side of the piston being fed by the mains fuel manifold, and the chamber to a servo side of the piston being fed by the servo line. The piston has an open pilot-and-mains position which allows flow out of the mains side of the chamber to the mains discharge orifice of the respective injector. The piston is biased towards a closed pilot-only position which prevents flow out of the mains side of the chamber to the mains discharge orifice of the respective injector. The piston is movable to the closed position under an increase in pressure in the servo line relative to the mains fuel manifold.

A fluid injection system can include a main flow line, a primary flow line connected to the main flow line, and a primary flow valve disposed between the primary flow line and the main flow line and configured to allow injectant flow to the primary flow line from the main flow line in an open primary flow valve state, and to prevent injectant flow to the primary flow line from the main flow line in a closed primary flow valve state. The system can include a secondary flow line connected to the main flow line and a secondary flow valve disposed between the secondary flow line and the main flow line and configured to selectively allow injectant flow to the secondary flow line from the main flow line in an open secondary flow valve state, and to prevent injectant flow to the secondary flow line from the main flow line in a closed secondary flow valve state. The system can include a primary purge branch configured and a secondary purge branch configured to be in fluid communication with a purge gas line to receive a purge gas flow from the purge gas line.

The present application provides a combustor. The combustor may include a fuel supply line, a fuel nozzle, and a number of flow-device pathways connecting the fuel supply line and the fuel nozzle. The flow-device pathways may include a counter-swirl configuration.

Provided are a burner and a water heater. The burner comprises multiple flame splitters, and each of the flame splitters is provided with at least three ejector pipes, and the multiple flame splitters are arranged parallel to one another; a fastener penetrates through the multiple flame splitters and connects the multiple flame splitters into a flame row; and compressing members are arranged at end parts where the fastener extends relative to the flame row, and the compressing members compress the flame row. The burner is integrally installed, easy to operate and firmly fixed, the combustion intensity can also be increased, the emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced, and the safety of use is ensured.

A fluid injection system can include a main flow line, a primary flow line connected to the main flow line, and a primary flow valve disposed between the primary flow line and the main flow line and configured to allow injectant flow to the primary flow line from the main flow line in an open primary flow valve state, and to prevent injectant flow to the primary flow line from the main flow line in a closed primary flow valve state. The system can include a secondary flow line connected to the main flow line and a secondary flow valve disposed between the secondary flow line and the main flow line and configured to selectively allow injectant flow to the secondary flow line from the main flow line in an open secondary flow valve state, and to prevent injectant flow to the secondary flow line from the main flow line in a closed secondary flow valve state. The system can include a primary purge branch configured and a secondary purge branch configured to be in fluid communication with a purge gas line to receive a purge gas flow from the purge gas line.

A fluid injection system can include a main flow line, a primary flow line connected to the main flow line, and a primary flow valve disposed between the primary flow line and the main flow line and configured to allow injectant flow to the primary flow line from the main flow line in an open primary flow valve state, and to prevent injectant flow to the primary flow line from the main flow line in a closed primary flow valve state. The system can include a secondary flow line connected to the main flow line and a secondary flow valve disposed between the secondary flow line and the main flow line and configured to selectively allow injectant flow to the secondary flow line from the main flow line in an open secondary flow valve state, and to prevent injectant flow to the secondary flow line from the main flow line in a closed secondary flow valve state. The system can include a primary purge branch configured and a secondary purge branch configured to be in fluid communication with a purge gas line to receive a purge gas flow from the purge gas line.

A combustion staging system is provided for fuel injectors of a multi-stage combustor of a gas turbine engine. The system has a splitting unit which receives a metered total fuel flow and controllably splits the metered total fuel flow into out-going pilot and mains fuel flows to perform pilot-only and pilot-and-mains staging control of the combustor. The system further has pilot and mains fuel manifolds which respectively receive the pilot and mains fuel flows, the mains fuel manifold being split into a primary line and a servo line such that each line receives a respective portion of the mains fuel flow. The system further has a plurality of mains flow control valves which distribute the mains fuel flow from the mains fuel manifold to mains discharge orifices of respective injectors of the combustor, both the primary line and the servo line extending to the mains flow control valves before reuniting. The system further has a servo pump operable to change the pressure in the servo line relative to the pressure in the primary line. Each mains flow control valve has a chamber containing a movable piston, the chamber to a primary side of the piston being fed by the primary line, and the chamber to a servo side of the piston being fed by the servo line. The piston is biased towards a closed pilot-only position which prevents flow out of the primary side of the chamber to the mains discharge orifice of the respective injector. The piston is movable under an increase in pressure in the servo line relative to the primary line to an open pilot-and-mains position which allows flow out of the primary side of the chamber to the mains discharge orifice of the respective injector.

A combustion staging system is provided for fuel injectors of a multi-stage combustor of a gas turbine engine. The system has a splitting unit which receives a metered total fuel flow and controllably splits the metered total fuel flow into out-going pilot and mains fuel flows to perform pilot-only and pilot-and-mains staging control of the combustor. The system further has pilot and mains fuel manifolds which respectively receive the pilot and mains fuel flows, the mains fuel manifold being split into a primary line and a servo line such that each line receives a respective portion of the mains fuel flow. The system further has a plurality of mains flow control valves which distribute the mains fuel flow from the mains fuel manifold to mains discharge orifices of respective injectors of the combustor, both the primary line and the servo line extending to the mains flow control valves before reuniting. The system further has a servo pump operable to change the pressure in the servo line relative to the pressure in the primary line. Each mains flow control valve has a chamber containing a movable piston, the chamber to a primary side of the piston being fed by the primary line, and the chamber to a servo side of the piston being fed by the servo line. The piston is biased towards a closed pilot-only position which prevents flow out of the primary side of the chamber to the mains discharge orifice of the respective injector. The piston is movable under an increase in pressure in the servo line relative to the primary line to an open pilot-and-mains position which allows flow out of the primary side of the chamber to the mains discharge orifice of the respective injector.

The present application provides a combustor. The combustor may include a fuel supply line, a fuel nozzle, and a number of flow-device pathways connecting the fuel supply line and the fuel nozzle. The flow-device pathways may include a counter-swirl configuration.

Torches are automatically refilled with a liquid fuel from a central reservoir pumped via a plumbing system, without directly monitoring local torch fuel levels. Instead, each torch includes a passive fuel overfill prevention valve. When refueling, the pump operates until all torches are filled. Refueling can cease after a set time, or when sensors report a backpressure and/or cessation of fuel flow. Pre-calibration establishes torch burning rates and/or maximum refill time. Time between refueling is predicted, based upon total burning time, which can be measured by torch heat sensors or determined according to a usage schedule or direct control of torch ignition and extinguishing by the controller. Reverse pumping can extinguish the torches, and wick ignitors can relight them sequentially. A service provider can monitor fuel consumption, establish a pattern of usage, and supply fuel in time to replenish the central reservoir, and/or other provide maintenance as needed.