The present invention relates to a distribution pump arrangement for a bi-directional hydraulic distribution grid (10). The distribution pump arrangement comprising: a hot conduit control valve (20) in a hot conduit (12); a first distribution pump (22) having an inlet (22a) connected to the hot conduit (12) at a first side (20a) of the hot conduit control valve, and an outlet (22b) connected to the hot conduit (12) at a second side (20b), opposite the first side (20a), of the hot conduit control valve (20); a pressure difference determining device (80, 80′) arranged beyond the second side of the hot conduit control valve (20) and configured to determine a local pressure difference, Δp, between a local pressure, p.sub.hot, of heat transfer liquid in the hot conduit (12) and a local pressure, p.sub.cold, of heat transfer liquid in the cold conduit (14); and a controller (90) configured to: while Δp<a threshold value, set the distribution pump arrangement in a flowing mode, wherein: the first distribution pump (22) is set to be inactive, and the hot conduit control valve (20) is set to be open, while Δp≥the threshold value and p.sub.cold>p.sub.hot, set the distribution pump arrangement in a hot conduit pumping mode, wherein: the hot conduit control valve (20) is set to be closed, and the first distribution pump (22) is set to be active, thereby reduce the local pressure difference.

An apparatus and system for a combination space and water heater including a controller device and a method for control. The controller device is a self-contained system that can be added to, or in combination with, existing water heaters and hydronic air heating systems using standard plumbing connections, and provides a potable water system without any need of an intermediary heat exchanger. The controller device automatically monitors a heating capacity of the water heater and the hydronic heating coil over time, and correlates measured heating loads with one or more environmental temperatures, thermostats, user settings, and/or a supplemental heating system.

The apparatus for supplying hot water comprises: at least one processor; a heat exchanger connected to the at least one processor, and configured to receive tap water through a tap water inflow pipe, heat the supplied tap water by means of heat exchange to thereby generate hot water, and discharge the generated hot water through a hot water supply pipe; a burner configured to directly or indirectly provide heat required to generate the hot water; a mixing valve connected to the at least one processor and installed on a mixing pipe connecting the tap water inflow pipe and the hot water supply pipe, and configured to mix the tap water with the hot water discharged from the heat exchanger and flowing through the hot water supply pipe; and a memory connected to the at least one processor and configured to store instructions.

An intra-day rolling scheduling method for an integrated heat and electricity system including: establishing an objective function for scheduling of the integrated heat and electricity system, the objective function aiming to make operating costs of the integrated heat and electricity system to be a minimum; establishing constraints for a steady-state safe operation of the integrated heat and electricity system; and solving the objective function based on the constraints by an interior point method, to obtain an active power and a heating power of each combined heat and power unit, an active power of each thermal power unit, a heating power of each heat pump, and an active power consumed by each circulating pump.

The disclosure relates to a method for controlling a thermal energy distribution system, the method comprising:—determining forecast data pertaining to expected overall outtake of heat and/or cooling over time from a distribution grid by local distribution systems connected to the distribution grid, and to expected production capacity of heat and/or cooling in one or more production plants,—determining, at a control server, a time resolved control signal, the control signal being based on forecast data and being associated with at least one local control unit,—sending the control signal from the control server to the associated local control unit,—receiving the control signal at the associated local control unit,—regulating over time, in response to the control signal, the outtake of heat and/or cooling of the local distribution system from the distribution grid. The thermal energy distribution system is also claimed

A hydronic system, of the present disclosure, includes a control unit including a memory comprising stored instructions and a processor configured to execute the stored instructions to cause the control unit to perform at least monitoring, a volume of hot water in a hot storage tank via a first set of flowmeters, monitoring, a volume of chilled water in a cold storage tank via a second set of flowmeters, monitoring, a first outlet temperature of the hot water within the hot storage tank via a first temperature sensor and a second outlet temperature of the chilled water within the cold storage tank via a second temperature sensor, and operating, a heat pump unit for recharging the hot water and the chilled water within the hot storage tank and the cold storage tank respectively. The heat pump unit is operated when a respective predetermined limit reaches for anyone of identified parameters.

Please replace the originally filed abstract with the substitute abstract provided below. A temperature and pressure relief valve apparatus including a body having a first conduit connected to a water heater and a second conduit connected to a discharge pipe. A valve member, positioned between the first and second conduits, is normally biased closed to prevent flow between the conduits. The valve member is configured such that when a temperature or pressure within the water heater exceeds a predetermined level, the valve member opens to relieve pressure and, in turn, water is released through the second conduit. A sensor is disposed about the second conduit and coupled to a controller. The controller measures a capacitance value of the second conduit, detects a change in the capacitance value indicating a presence of water in the second conduit, and asserts an alarm condition upon detection of the change in the second conduit capacitance value.

A local thermal energy consumer assembly and a local thermal energy generator assembly to be connected to a thermal energy circuit comprising a hot and a cold conduit. The local thermal energy consumer assembly is connected via a flow controller to the hot conduit. The local thermal energy generator assembly is connected via a flow controller to the cold conduit. The flow controller is selectively set in pumping mode or a flowing mode based on a local pressure difference between heat transfer liquid of the hot and cold conduits.

A water heating system can include a water heater having a tank, and a first temperature sensor disposed toward a top end of the tank to measure a first temperature and a second temperature sensor disposed toward a bottom end of the tank to measure a second temperature. The water heating system can further include a controller communicably coupled to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, where the controller determines an amount of heated water in the tank based on a plurality of algorithms and measurements made by the first and second temperature sensors. The plurality of algorithms solves for at least one calculated temperature for at least one point between a first location of the first temperature sensor and a second location of the second temperature sensor, where the at least one calculated temperature is used to determine the amount of heated water in the tank.

A water heating system can include a water heater having a tank, and a first temperature sensor disposed toward a top end of the tank to measure a first temperature and a second temperature sensor disposed toward a bottom end of the tank to measure a second temperature. The water heating system can further include a controller communicably coupled to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, where the controller determines an amount of heated water in the tank based on a plurality of algorithms and measurements made by the first and second temperature sensors. The plurality of algorithms solves for at least one calculated temperature for at least one point between a first location of the first temperature sensor and a second location of the second temperature sensor, where the at least one calculated temperature is used to determine the amount of heated water in the tank.