Hot water heating system comprising one or more water heaters with at least one water heating mechanism, and a heating-control storage tank generally configured to store heated water in a temperature stratified manner where hotter water tends to be separated from cold water. The heating-control storage tank can receive thermal energy or hot water from the water heater, send thermal energy or water to the water heater as its makeup water, and provide hot water directly to end users. The water heater may or may not be used to provide hot water to end users. The system is electronically controlled using a processor, various sensors, a recirculation pump, and electronically actuated valves. Depending on hot water needs and energy costs, the system controls water heating schedule and amount of hot water stored in the heating-control storage tank by changing system operation modes to minimize energy costs while providing reliable service.

A superordinate controlling device for a heat source system (1) including a plurality of heat sources, the superordinate controlling device being applied to the heat source system (1) and controlling heat-pump type chillers (2a) and (2b) and absorption-type chillers (2c) and (2d) in such a manner that a heat transfer medium leaving temperature that is the temperature of a heat transfer medium supplied to an external load (6) is equal to a setting temperature. The heat-pump type chillers (2a) and (2b) each have a higher Coefficient of Performance (COP) than that of each of the absorption-type chillers (2c) and (2d). The superordinate controlling device includes a heat transfer medium leaving temperature changing means for carrying out heat transfer medium leaving temperature control, by changing the heat transfer medium leaving temperatures of the heat-pump type chillers (2a) and (2b), when a post-change prediction value of each of the absorption-type chiller (2c) and (2d) predicted based on a supposition that the heat transfer medium leaving temperatures of the heat-pump type chillers (2a) and (2b) are changed exceeds a second underload stop threshold value at which the corresponding one of the absorption-type chiller (2c) and (2d) would have an underload stop.

A condensate drain system for a heating, ventilation, and/or air conditioning (HVAC) system includes a heat exchanger having a plurality of tubes configured to receive ambient air and fluidly coupled to a drain via a conduit, a valve positioned along the conduit between the plurality of tubes and the drain, where the valve is configured to enable a flow of condensate from within the plurality of tubes toward the drain in an open position and the block the flow in a closed position, and a controller configured to adjust a position of the valve based on feedback indicative of an operational state of the HVAC system.

A hot water supply apparatus includes a heat pump device in which a compressor and a heat exchanger are connected, a heat medium circuit connected to the heat pump device via the heat exchanger, a tank that stores water after the water exchanges heat with a heat medium of the heat medium circuit, two tank-temperature detection units attached at different heights to the tank and each detects a temperature of water in the tank, and a controller that controls, by using a value detected by each of the two tank-temperature detection units, a temperature of water in the tank. The controller sets a target hot water supply temperature based on a stored-hot-water temperature detected by one of the two tank temperature detection units and a within-tank temperature difference that is a difference between temperatures within the tank detected by the two tank-temperature detection units.

A heat pump may include a compressor configured to compress a refrigerant, a first temperature sensor configured to detect an outdoor temperature, a second temperature sensor provided in heating pipes connected to a heating device, and a controller. Based on a first sensing value of the first temperature sensor, the controller may be configured to control a compressor, control power to a boiler, and/or calculate an expected efficiency of the heat pump. Based on the expected efficiency and/or a second sensing value of a second temperature sensor, the controller may be configured to control power to the boiler.

A controller has a timer operation mode in which the operation of a refrigeration cycle that operates as a heat source or a cold source is started before a set operation start time of an indoor fan by a preliminary operation time period. In the timer operation mode, the controller calculates a heat capacity of water or brine, calculates a heat storage amount of a second heat medium from a temperature detected by a temperature sensor and the heat capacity, and determines the preliminary operation time period from the heat storage amount. By determining the preliminary operation time period in this manner, timer operation can be performed such that air at an appropriate temperature is blown from an indoor unit at the operation start time of the indoor fan, from the initial time at which an air conditioning apparatus is installed.

The present disclosure relates to a heat pump system for transferring heat using a body of water. The heat pump system includes a water pumping system and a heating and cooling loop that directs a working fluid through a heat exchanger where heat is transferred between the working fluid and water from the body of water. The water pumping system includes an inlet line, an outlet line, and a pump. The pump moves the water from the body of water through the inlet line to the heat exchanger then through the outlet line and back to the body of water. A biocide generating device is positioned along the inlet line for providing real-time generation of biocide in the water flowing through the inlet line. A recirculation line directs water from a tap location on the inlet line positioned downstream from the biocide generating device to the water intake.

The invention provides a system for energy distribution that uses liquid carbon dioxide as a working fluid. Evaporation of the carbon dioxide provides cooling, and compression of the carbon dioxide gas back to the liquid state provides heat. The amount of heat transferred at both stages is sufficient to provide environmental heating and cooling. Waste thermal energy from a power plant, in the form of hot water, is fed into the system and used to drive the overall process. An underground thermal energy storage system is used to store energy flowing into the system that is in excess of the current demand.

A controller, a water source heat pump and a computer useable medium are disclosed herein. In one embodiment the controller includes: (1) an interface configured to receive operating data and monitoring data from the water source heat pump and transmit control signals to components of thereof and (2) a processor configured to respond to the operating data or the monitoring data by operating at least one motor-operated valve of the water source heat pump via a control signal.

A thermal energy extraction assembly is disclosed, the thermal energy extraction assembly is configured to extract heat and/or cold from a thermal energy distribution grid. The assembly may include a connection circuit connecting the assembly to the grid; a first heat exchanger configured to exchange heat from a heating circuit to the grid; a second heat exchanger configured to extract heat from the grid to a cooling circuit; and a plurality of heat pumps each having a condenser side connected to the heating circuit and an evaporator side connected to the cooling circuit, the heat pumps being configured to pump heat from the cooling circuit to the heating circuit.