A portable air conditioner includes a housing and a cooling system. The cooling system includes a compressor, an air outlet of which is provided with heat dissipation material; a condenser; a first fan arranged on one side of the condenser and the compressor; a throttling device; an evaporator connected to the throttling device and the air inlet of the compressor, where a solenoid valve is connected between the first evaporator and the condenser; a second evaporator connected to the throttling device and the air inlet of the compressor; a regenerator having a storage space provided with a cool storage material; a third evaporator arranged on one side of the first evaporator; a power device communicatively connected to the storage space and the third evaporator; and a second fan arranged on one side of the first evaporator and the third evaporator.

A building HVAC system includes an airside system having a plurality of airside subsystems, a high-level model predictive controller (MPC), and a plurality of low-level airside MPCs. Each airside subsystem includes airside HVAC equipment configured to provide heating or cooling to the airside subsystem. The high-level MPC is configured to perform a high-level optimization to generate an optimal airside subsystem load profile for each airside subsystem. The optimal airside subsystem load profiles optimize energy cost. Each of the low-level airside MPCs corresponds to one of the airside subsystems and is configured to perform a low-level optimization to generate optimal airside temperature setpoints for the corresponding airside subsystem using the optimal airside subsystem load profile for the corresponding airside subsystem. Each of the low-level airside MPCs is configured to use the optimal airside temperature setpoints for the corresponding airside subsystem to operate the airside HVAC equipment of the corresponding airside subsystem.

A heat exchange system includes a heat-absorbing substance such as Liquid Natural Gas (LNG), a heat dissipation apparatus, a water storage tank, a heating portion, and a cooling portion. The heating portion is coupled between the LNG and the water storage tank. The cooling portion is coupled between the heat dissipation apparatus and the water storage tank. The cooling portion transfers heat of the heat dissipation apparatus to water of the water storage tank to heat the heating portion, and the heating portion transfers heat of the water of the water storage tank to the LNG.

A modular, cooling device for providing cool air to a body and/or an external environment comprises a first body portion combining a cooling medium and air passageways therethrough. The first body portion may be detached from second and third body portions and placed in a freezer to refreeze the cooling media, and reattached for further use. The second body portion may include a material that absorbs condensate that forms within the air passageways. The third body portion may include a fan for driving air into the cooling device, through the air passageways and out of the cooling device. When passing through the air passageways, a heat transfer is produced between the passing air and the cooling medium, cooling the passing air. The fan speed may be varied to adjust air flow.

In an air conditioning system, a cooling tower cools cooling water. A chiller generates cold water using the cooling water cooled by the cooling tower. A cooling water circulation passage circulates cooling water between the cooling tower and chiller. A first heat exchanger exchanges heat between air and the cold water generated by the chiller. A cold water circulation passage circulates the cold water between the chiller and first heat exchanger. A second heat exchanger exchanges heat between a portion of the cooling water cooled by the cooling tower and air heat-exchanged with the cold water. A cooling water branch passage, branching from the cooling water circulation passage, introduces to the second heat exchanger the portion of the cooling water introduced to the chiller from the cooling tower, and introduces to the cooling water circulation passage the portion of the cooling water heat-exchanged with air by the second heat exchanger.

Methods and functional elements for enhanced thermal management of predominantly enclosed spaces to enable the construction of buildings with reduced power requirements for heating and/or air-conditioning systems. The methods may be in part based on dynamically changing functional elements with variable properties, or effective properties, in terms of their electromagnetic radiative behavior and/or their thermal energy storage properties, or the spatial distribution of the stored thermal energy, which permits the application of methods to control the overall thermal behavior of the entire structure in such a way that desired levels of inside temperature can be reached with reduced consumption of external energy (typically electricity, gas, oil, or coal). In some instances no conventional heating of cooling is required at all. In some instances the invention reduces the time to reach desired temperatures inside such buildings, habitats, or other predominantly enclosed spaces.

A frequency response optimization system includes a battery configured to store and discharge electric power, a power inverter configured to control an amount of the electric power stored or discharged from the battery at each of a plurality of time steps during a frequency response period, and a frequency response controller. The frequency response controller is configured to receive a regulation signal from an incentive provider, determine statistics of the regulation signal, use the statistics of the regulation signal to generate an optimal frequency response midpoint that achieves a desired change in a state-of-charge (SOC) of the battery while participating in a frequency response program, and use the midpoints to determine optimal battery power setpoints for the power inverter. The power inverter is configured to use the optimal battery power setpoints to control the amount of the electric power stored or discharged from the battery.

A heat storage apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a heat storage material and a member. The heat storage material forms a clathrate hydrate by cooling. The member has a surface with a plurality of holes. In the case that the lattice constant of the clathrate hydrate is denoted by L and the outside diameter of a cage included in the clathrate hydrate is denoted by D, the plurality of holes are spaced at intervals of 1L to 10L, and each of the plurality of holes has a hole diameter of 1D to 20D.

A multi-split air conditioner and control method are provided. The multi-split air conditioner includes an outdoor unit including an oil separator and a four-way valve. The outdoor unit includes a pipeline connecting the oil separator and the four-way valve, and the pipeline includes a first pipeline and a second pipeline arranged in parallel, wherein the first pipeline is provided with a heat storage module and a heat storage module control valve, and the second pipeline is provided with a first control valve. When the outdoor environment temperature satisfies a certain condition, the first pipeline and the second pipeline are controlled, so that at least part of working medium circulates in the first pipeline between the oil separator and the four-way valve through the heat storage module.

A modular process chiller and method of manufacturing a modular process chiller. A pump and tank are positioned in a fluid module configured for receiving fluids from an external source. A refrigeration module comprises a condenser arranged diagonally with a heat exchanger on one side and a fan on the opposite side, wherein the heat exchanger is in cool air flow and air is pulled through the condenser. Nonpermeable and air permeable panels are positioned to direct airflow through the refrigeration module. An electronics module is coupled to the refrigeration module in a configuration to provide user access. In processing systems, a process chiller is selectively configured for positioning proximate a process machine but configured for receiving fluid from external sources and maintaining a fluid temperature, flow rate and fluid pressure independent of the positioning.