A closed circulating water cooling apparatus includes an internal cooling apparatus, a plate heat exchanger, and an auxiliary cooling apparatus. The internal cooling apparatus comprises an internal cooling circulator pump and an air cooler. The auxiliary cooling apparatus comprises an external cooling circulator pump and an underground water pipe. Internal cooling water flowing through the plate heat exchanger from the internal cooling apparatus exchanges heat with external cooling water flowing through the plate heat exchanger from the auxiliary cooling apparatus. Utilization of the closed circulating water cooling apparatus and method allows for increased cooling capacity, when the environmental temperature is greater than the maximum inflow water temperature permitted by a piece of technical equipment, for the cooling apparatus to still provide sufficient cooling capacity, and for the equipment to obviate any water loss during operation.

A system for space heating or cooling a heated space includes a heat pump including a refrigeration circuit for transferring heat between a heat source and a heat load for heating and cooling operations. A controller controls the heat pump to perform the heating and cooling operations. A user interface receives user inputs, wherein the user inputs include an indication of discomfort based on temperature. The controller creates a profile for a minimum comfortable temperature level and a maximum comfortable temperature level, and the controller controls the heat pump to perform the heating and cooling operations in accordance with the profiles for the minimum and maximum comfortable temperature levels. The controller may generate an optimized heat demand plan in accordance with predictions of outdoor and indoor temperature, cost, and demand. The plan is optimized to cost-effectively maintain the temperature of the heated space within the comfortable temperature range defined by the profiles.

A method and system for cooling an open air venue is provided. The system may include: one or more air intake ducts configured to intake warm air in an upper section of the venue; one or more air heat exchangers configured to receive the warm air from the one or more air intake ducts and remove heat from the warm air to output cold air; a cold water reservoir configured to store cold water and supply the cold water to the one or more air heat exchangers, where the cold water absorbs heat from the warm air in the one or more air heat exchangers; and a transmission and venting system configured to distribute the cold air into the venue.

A method of cooling air includes a liquid coolant subsystem including a cool water source configured to hold water, an air cooling subsystem including an air chamber that contains air therein, an air conditioning apparatus including a heat exchanger of a liquid-to-air type having a heat sink in thermal communication, a fan assembly configured to move air along the heat sink of the heat exchanger, a thermostat, a temperature sensor, and a control circuit in electronic communication with the temperature sensor and the thermostat, a plumbing subsystem including an inlet piping component in fluid communication with heat exchanger, an outlet piping component in fluid communication with the exchanger, and a solenoid valve. The control circuit may be configured to activate the fan assembly and to open the solenoid valve, allowing for the transfer heat to water from the air moved by the fan assembly.

Building heating and/or cooling methods are provided that can include continuously distributing fluid from within conduits within a concrete floor of a building to conduits within grounds surrounding and/or supporting the building while transferring air to/from the interior of the building via a heat exchanger.

Building heating/cooling systems are provided that can include: a building comprising walls and concrete floors; fluid containing conduit within the concrete floors; circulating fluid within the conduit; a least one heat exchanger operatively associated within the building and configured to transfer air to/from the building; and processing circuitry operatively coupled to fluid circulation controls and heat exchanger controls.

A geothermal system having a flow station connected to a heat pump that is connected to a heat pump that is connected to a flow vector assembly. The flow vector assembly is connected to a heating coil and a cooling coil disposed within the ductwork of a furnace. The flow vector assembly may also be connected to a flow helix heat exchanger assembly.

A horizontal ground-coupled heat exchanger for a geothermal system. The underground portion of the system includes; at least one conduit located in the soil below its frost line containing a heat transfer liquid; at least one stratum between the at least one conduit and the soil, totally disposed beneath the surface of the soil at a depth from the surface of the soil of 1.2-3 m and completely separated from the soil by at least two layers of a thin thermo-conductive waterproof material, the at least one stratum containing heat conductive water saturated fill material with the at least one conduit being disposed therein; and a means to compensate for small leaks of water from the at least one stratum. The size of the smallest dimension of the stratum per conduit is determined; the sizing is based on a user selected stratum efficiency parameter employing a relation provided herein.

A thermal system for providing thermal conditioning to a facility includes a facility air circuit for circulating a facility air throughout the facility and a downhole fluid circuit for circulating a downhole fluid. The facility air circuit is thermally connected to a heat pump for exchanging heat with the facility air. The downhole fluid circuit includes the heat pump for exchanging heat with the downhole fluid, a main loop, including a borehole heat exchanger (BHE) for exchanging heat between the downhole fluid and a geological formation, and an exhaust loop including an exhaust heat exchanger coupled to an exhaust of the facility air circuit, wherein the exhaust loop is configured to circulate at least some of the downhole fluid through the exhaust heat exchanger to exchange heat between the downhole fluid and an exhaust flow of the facility air exhausted from the facility at the exhaust.

A hybrid heat pump system comprise a geothermal heat pump system, an air source heat pump system, and a buffer heat-storage configured to exchange a heat with the geothermal heat pump system and the air source heat pump system and to store therein the exchanged heat. The buffer heat-storage comprises fluid circulation lines fluid-coupled to and between an air heater and the buffer heat-storage to realize a circulation of a refrigerant fluid therebetween, which receives a heat energy from the buffer heat-storage, wherein the air heater is configured to heat the air thereto from an outdoor using the refrigerant fluid.

A thermal system includes a first facility fluid circuit including a facility fluid for circulating through a facility, a first facility heat exchanger, and a first facility supply inlet for providing the facility fluid to the facility. A second facility fluid circuit includes the facility fluid, a second facility fluid heat exchanger, and a second facility supply inlet. A ground-source heat pump includes the first facility heat exchanger and is associated with the first facility fluid circuit. An air-source heat pump includes the second facility heat exchanger and is associated with the second facility heat exchanger. A mutual supply duct connects the first and second facility fluid circuits such that the first facility fluid circuit is fluidly connected to the second facility supply inlet and the second facility fluid circuit is connected to the first facility supply inlet.