An air conditioning control system includes a casing including paths through which air passes, dampers arranged at an entrance and an exit of each of the paths and operated to open or close the entrance and the exit according to a control signal, a heat and mass exchanger including a hygroscopic material for absorbing moisture and arranged across the paths to be rotated with respect to the casing, a driving unit rotating the heat and mass exchanger, a heat exchange unit having a heat transfer medium flowing inside the heat exchange unit and arranged on at least one of the paths, and a controller opening or closing the entrance and the exit of the paths by applying a control signal to the dampers, and changing a rotation speed of the heat and mass exchanger by applying a control signal to the driving unit, according to operation modes.

An air conditioning system includes an outdoor unit including a control device, an indoor unit communicably connected to the control device, and an outside air processor communicably connected to the control device. The indoor unit is capable of performing ordinary operation control to adjust a temperature of air in a room, the air being taken in the indoor unit, and supply the air into the room, and output restriction control under which an output is restricted as compared with an output under the ordinary operation control. The outside air processor is capable of performing ordinary operation control to adjust at least one of a temperature and a humidity of air outside the room, the air being taken in the outside air processor, and supply the air into the room, and output restriction control under which an output is restricted as compared with an output under the ordinary operation control. The control device causes the outside air processor to shift from the ordinary operation control to the output restriction control on condition that the indoor unit shifts from the ordinary operation control to the output restriction control.

An adaptive flow limit controller for controlling a flow rate of a fluid through a heat exchanger includes a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to use an adaptive model to determine a threshold flow rate of the fluid through the heat exchanger at which a gradient of a temperature difference of the fluid across the heat exchanger with respect to the flow rate of the fluid through the heat exchanger has a threshold gradient value. The processing circuit is configured to operate a flow control device to maintain the flow rate of the fluid of through the heat exchanger at less than or equal to the threshold flow rate.

A decoupled ETP model processor is configured to store power consumption data retrieved from power systems; convert the power consumption data into power activated time cycles and power non-activated time cycles; derive a thermal resistance (R) parameter and a capacitance (C) parameter for a predetermined heat flow (Q) parameter at each of the outdoor temperatures; compare the converted power activated time cycles to the actual power activated time cycles; compare the converted power non-activated time cycles to the actual power non-activated time cycles; calculate a first improved resistance-capacitance-heat flow (RCQ) parameter set and a respective first outdoor temperature for the compared and converted power activated time cycles to the actual power activated time cycles; calculate the Q parameter at each outdoor temperature during the power activated time cycles; and calculate the R parameter and the C parameter at each outdoor temperature during the power non-activated time cycles.

A decoupled ETP model processor is configured to store power consumption data retrieved from power systems; convert the power consumption data into power activated time cycles and power non-activated time cycles; derive a thermal resistance (R) parameter and a capacitance (C) parameter for a predetermined heat flow (Q) parameter at each of the outdoor temperatures; compare the converted power activated time cycles to the actual power activated time cycles; compare the converted power non-activated time cycles to the actual power non-activated time cycles; calculate a first improved resistance-capacitance-heat flow (RCQ) parameter set and a respective first outdoor temperature for the compared and converted power activated time cycles to the actual power activated time cycles; calculate the Q parameter at each outdoor temperature during the power activated time cycles; and calculate the R parameter and the C parameter at each outdoor temperature during the power non-activated time cycles.

A method of operating an HVAC system using a controller includes predicting a first predicted temperature of an enclosed space during an unoccupied time with the HVAC system off. The controller determines if the first predicted temperature is less than a set-point temperature. Responsive to a determination that the first predicted temperature is less than the set-point temperature, the controller predicts a second predicted temperature of the enclosed space if the HVAC system is operated for a first runtime. The controller determines if the second predicted temperature is less than the set-point temperature and, responsive to a determination that the second predicted temperature is not less than the set-point temperature, the controller operates the HVAC system for the first runtime.

A method of operating an HVAC system using a controller includes predicting a first predicted temperature of an enclosed space during an unoccupied time with the HVAC system off. The controller determines if the first predicted temperature is less than a set-point temperature. Responsive to a determination that the first predicted temperature is less than the set-point temperature, the controller predicts a second predicted temperature of the enclosed space if the HVAC system is operated for a first runtime. The controller determines if the second predicted temperature is less than the set-point temperature and, responsive to a determination that the second predicted temperature is not less than the set-point temperature, the controller operates the HVAC system for the first runtime.

A software implementation and method for garage ventilation control logic to intelligently modulate the rate of speed of a plurality of garage fan motors in an enclosed commercial parking garage structure. The savings are primarily driven by the known cubic relationship between fan power draw and fan speed, whereby fans operating at lower speeds will draw much less power than operating at higher speeds, taking advantage of the highly non-linear relationship between the two.

A software implementation and method for garage ventilation control logic to intelligently modulate the rate of speed of a plurality of garage fan motors in an enclosed commercial parking garage structure. The savings are primarily driven by the known cubic relationship between fan power draw and fan speed, whereby fans operating at lower speeds will draw much less power than operating at higher speeds, taking advantage of the highly non-linear relationship between the two.

Provided are a system and a method for predicting an occupancy time of a user in a city building based on big data for auto control of heating or cooling for energy saving. The user occupancy time prediction system according to an embodiment includes: a sensor configured to collect data regarding whether a user occupies a predetermined space in a building; a database configured to store the collected data; a data pre-processing unit configured to process the stored data into a format suitable for machine learning; and a prediction unit configured to input the processed data into a machine learning model, and to predict an expected unoccupancy time of the user regarding the predetermined space in the building. Accordingly, a user occupancy/unoccupancy time may be predicted by analyzing big data which uses previous occupancy data of a user in a city building, and energy may be saved by adjusting a temperature of a heating or cooling device before the unoccupancy time. In addition, when the temperature of the heating or cooling device is adjusted before unoccupancy is predicted, the temperature is only changed to the extent that the user does not recognize inconvenience, and comfortability may be maintained or improved.