An environmental control system of an aircraft includes a plurality of inlets for receiving a plurality of mediums including a first medium, a second medium, and a third medium and an outlet for delivering a conditioned flow of the second medium to one or more loads of the aircraft. At least one compressing device is arranged in in fluid communication with the plurality of inlets and the outlet. The at least one compressing device includes a four-wheel compressing device having a compressor and at least one turbine operably coupled via a shaft. In a first mode of operation, the compressor is driven by the first medium, and in a second mode of operation, the compressor is driven by the third medium.

An environmental control system of an aircraft includes a plurality of inlets for receiving a plurality of mediums including a first medium, a second medium, and a third medium and an outlet for delivering a conditioned flow of the second medium to one or more loads of the aircraft. A ram air circuit includes a ram air shell having at least one heat exchanger positioned therein. At least one compressing device is arranged in fluid communication with the ram air circuit and the outlet. The at least one compressing device includes at least one compressor and at least one turbine operably coupled via a shaft. A heat exchanger is arranged in fluid communication with the at least one compressing device. The second medium output from the at least one compressing device is cooled by the third medium. The second medium is fresh air.

An environmental control system of an aircraft includes a ram air circuit including a ram air shell having at least one heat exchanger positioned therein and a divider arranged within the ram air shell to separate the ram air shell into a first region and a second region. The at least one heat exchanger is arranged within both the first region and the second region. A first medium is configured to flow through the first region and a second, distinct medium is configured to flow through the second region. The environmental control system additionally includes a dehumidification system arranged in fluid communication with the ram air circuit and a compression device arranged in fluid communication with the ram air circuit and the dehumidification system.

An environmental control system includes a plurality of inlets for receiving a plurality of mediums including a first medium and a second medium and an outlet for delivering a conditioned form of the second medium to at least one load of the aircraft. A ram air circuit includes a ram air shell having at least one heat exchanger positioned therein and a dehumidification system is arranged in fluid communication with the ram air circuit. A compression device is arranged in fluid communication with the ram air circuit and the dehumidification system. The compression device includes a compressor and a plurality of turbines including a first turbine and a second turbine operably coupled by a shaft. An outlet of the first turbine is directly coupled to an inlet of the second turbine, such that the first medium is provided to the first turbine and the second turbine in series.

A compressing device for use in an environmental control system includes at least one turbine configured to provide energy by expanding one or more medium. The one or more mediums provided at an outlet of the at least one turbine form a heat sink within the environmental control system. A compressor is configured to receive energy from the one or more mediums expanded across the at least one turbine. During a first mode of the compressing device, energy derived from a first medium of the one or more mediums is used to compress a second medium at the compressor and during a second mode of the compressing device, energy derived from both the first medium and a third medium of the one or more mediums is used to compress a second medium at the compressor.

An environmental control system of an aircraft including a plurality of inlets for receiving a plurality of mediums including a first medium, a second medium, and a third medium and an outlet for delivering a conditioned flow of the second medium to one or more loads of the aircraft. The environmental control system additionally includes a first compressing device and a second compressing device. The second compressing device is arranged in fluid communication with the first compressing device and the outlet. An inlet of the second compressing device is directly connected to an outlet of the first compressing device, and the first compressing device is driven by energy extracted from the first medium. The first medium is a flow of bleed air.

An environmental control system includes an airflow source, and an air cycle machine in flow communication with the airflow source, and through which an airflow from the airflow source is directed. The air cycle machine includes a compressor and a turbine. A liquid load heat exchanger is located in flow communication with the turbine such that airflow downstream of the turbine exchanges thermal energy with a liquid flow at the liquid load heat exchanger to cool the liquid flow. A liquid load reheater is located upstream of the turbine and upstream of the liquid load heat exchanger. The liquid load reheater is configured such that a thermal energy exchange between the airflow prior to the airflow entering the turbine and the liquid flow prior to the liquid flow entering the liquid load heat exchanger occurs at the liquid load reheater.

An environmental control system of an aircraft includes a ram air circuit including a ram air shell having at least one heat exchanger positioned therein, at least one dehumidification system arranged in fluid communication with the ram air circuit, a compressing device arranged in fluid communication with the ram air circuit and the dehumidification system, and an expansion device separate from the compressing device and arranged in fluid communication with the ram air circuit and the at least one dehumidification system. The environmental control system receives a flow of a first medium and a flow of a second medium. The environmental control system is operable in a plurality of modes and in a first mode, a flow of the first medium is provided to the compressing device and the expansion device in series.

A heat pump includes an electric motor driven by input electric power, a first compressor mechanically connected to the electric motor and compresses air, a first heat exchanger performing heat exchange between compressed air produced by the first compressor and water, and a first hot water outlet through which the water heated by heat exchange in the first heat exchanger is taken out. Thus, in the air refrigerant heat pump, it is possible to use only air and water to supply heating by applying part of compressed air energy storage technology to the heat pump.

Inverter for an electric compressor comprising an auxiliary voltage supply that supplies a control electronics of the inverter with a DC voltage. The auxiliary voltage supply comprises a series circuit of a linear voltage regulator and a linear pre-regulator. The linear pre-regulator comprises a transistor and is connected to the input terminal of the linear voltage regulator. The linear pre-regulator and/or the linear voltage regulator are advantageously actively cooled by a refrigerant utilized in the electric compressor.