A heat supply apparatus comprises: a compressor compressing refrigerant; a first heat exchanger connected to the compressor and exchanging heat between refrigerant and water; a second heat exchanger connected to the compressor and exchanging heat between refrigerant and air; and a gas-liquid separator separating refrigerant into gaseous refrigerant and liquid refrigerant, the gas-liquid separator including: a housing; and a penetration pipe passing through sides of the housing and including an inlet flow path through which mixed refrigerant flows in and an outlet flow path through which gaseous refrigerant flows out, and the penetration pipe including: a first connecting hole formed on a surface and connecting the inlet flow path and the inside of the housing; a second connecting hole formed on a surface and connecting the outlet flow path and the inside of the housing; and a separation plate partitioning the inlet flow path and the outlet flow path.

A trans-critical thermodynamic system includes an expansion device and a separator. The expansion device receives a supercritical fluid containing solutes. The expansion device is operable to expand the supercritical fluid to produce a sub-critical gas by reducing a temperature and/or a pressure of the supercritical fluid. The separator removes the solutes from the sub-critical gas.

A centrifugal coolant gas separator (CCGS) for a cooling system is provided. In one example configuration, the CCGS includes a main body defining a cyclone separator chamber therein configured to separate a flow of coolant into gas and liquid coolant, a liquid outlet formed in the main body and configured to receive the separated liquid coolant from the cyclone separator chamber, and a gas outlet formed in the main body and configured to receive the separated gas from the cyclone separator chamber. A first inlet is configured to receive a forced flow of a first portion of a coolant flow, and a second inlet is configured to receive a second portion of the coolant flow. The forced first portion of coolant flow induces the second portion of coolant flow into the cyclone separator chamber for subsequent gas and liquid coolant separation of the first and second portions of coolant flow.

A refrigeration system includes a heat exchanger including a gas cooler or condenser. The heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger inlet and a heat exchanger outlet. The refrigeration system further includes an evaporator including an evaporator inlet and an evaporator outlet. The refrigeration system further includes a compressor including a compressor inlet fluidly coupled to the evaporator outlet and a compressor outlet fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger inlet. The refrigeration system further includes a pressure exchanger (PX) including a first PX inlet fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger outlet, a first PX outlet fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger inlet, a second PX inlet fluidly coupled to the evaporator outlet, and a second PX outlet fluidly coupled to the evaporator inlet.

An example flash tank includes a first inlet configured to receive a superheated vapor refrigerant, a second inlet configured to receive a two-phase refrigerant, a vapor outlet, a liquid collection volume, and a phase separation matrix including a first fluid path fluidically coupled between the first inlet and the liquid collection volume, a second fluid path fluidically coupled between the second inlet and the liquid collection volume, and a third fluid path fluidically coupled between the vapor outlet and the liquid collection volume. The phase separation matrix is configured to radially distribute thermal mixing of a refrigerant flowing within the first, second, and third fluid paths.

Disclosed herein are advantageous phase separator devices, and related methods of fabrication and use thereof. The present disclosure provides improved phase separator devices for phase separation of feedstreams, and improved systems/methods for utilizing and fabricating the phase separator devices. More particularly, the present disclosure provides porous (e.g., three-dimensional gradient porous) phase separator devices for phase separation of fluid mixtures (e.g., to separate a two-phase fluid mixture) to a first fluid phase flow (e.g., to a liquid flow) and to a second fluid phase flow (e.g., to a gas flow). At least a portion of the phase separator devices of the present disclosure can be fabricated via machining, powder metallurgy (e.g., sintering), and/or produced utilizing additive manufacturing techniques.

A refrigeration system includes a pressure exchanger (PX). The PX is a rotary liquid piston compressor. The PX includes: a first PX inlet fluidly coupled to a heat exchanger outlet of a heat exchanger comprising a gas cooler or condenser; a first PX outlet fluidly coupled to a heat exchanger inlet of the heat exchanger; a second PX inlet fluidly coupled to an evaporator outlet of an evaporator; and a second PX outlet fluidly coupled to an evaporator inlet of the evaporator.

A refrigeration circuit includes: a gas-liquid separator into which a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowed out from a condenser flows, the gas-liquid separator being configured to separate the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant into a vapor phase refrigerant and a liquid phase refrigerant; and a plate heat exchanger including a first heat exchanging part and a second heat exchanging part, the first heat exchanging part being a part where the vapor phase refrigerant flowed out from the gas-liquid separator and the liquid phase refrigerant flowed out from the gas-liquid separator exchange heat, the second heat exchanging part being a part where the vapor phase refrigerant flowed out from the first heat exchanging part and a returning refrigerant flowed out from an evaporator exchange heat.

An on-demand air bleeding method is provided in which the refrigeration plant valve is opened until all of the non-condensable gases have been withdrawn from the bleed point, the system switches to receiving refrigerant fluid in the fluid state, which is conveyed to the high-pressure tank; and when the increase in the level of the tank is detected, the first refrigeration plant valve is closed and a second refrigeration plant valve is opened and begins collecting air from a new point in the system, and when the pressure in the tank reaches a threshold value, an air valve is actuated and the non-condensable gases are expelled from the tank to a bubbler; and when the level of fluid reaches a threshold, a feedback valve is actuated and the fluid is returned to the system until the fluid level in the tank returns to an initial value.

A purge system for a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVAC&R) system includes a purge tank configured to receive a fluid mixture from a vapor compression system. The fluid mixture includes heat transfer fluid, non-condensable gases, and condensable fluid. The purge system includes a valve system fluidly coupled to the purge tank and a controller communicatively coupled to the valve system. The controller is configured to adjust the valve system based on feedback to selectively discharge the heat transfer fluid from the purge tank, to selectively discharge the non-condensable gases from the purge tank, and to selectively discharge the condensable fluid from the purge tank.