A rotor is a rotor for a pump. The rotor includes a rotor core having a magnet insertion hole and having an annular shape about an axis, a permanent magnet inserted in the magnet insertion hole, and a rotor cover surrounding the rotor core from outside in a radial direction about the axis. The rotor core has a first core portion disposed on an inner side of the magnet insertion hole in the radial direction, a second core portion disposed on an outer side of the magnet insertion hole in the radial direction, and a hole separating the first core portion and the second core portion from each other. The rotor cover has a positioning portion that positions the first core portion and the second core portion in a circumferential direction about the axis.

Methods, apparatuses, and systems for monitoring gas leaks are disclosed herein. An example Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) may comprise: a sampling tube fluidly coupled to a first opening defined in a conduit; and a sensor assembly fluidly coupled to the sampling tube. The sampling tube is positioned exterior to the conduit and extending along a direction of a gravitation force. The sensor assembly is configured to receive one or more gases that have a greater density in comparison to the ambient air and sense the one or more gases to generate a signal.

A system for controlling or optimizing the performance of a vapor compression system by modifying the actuator commands via an output interface, that realizes thermofluid property functions and their derivatives as spline functions which are represented in a coordinate system that is aligned with a fluid saturation curve. The system includes an interface configured to receive measurement data from sensors, a memory configured to store thermofluid property data and computer-executable programs including a B-spline method, and a processor for performing the computer-implemented method. The processor is configured to take as input two thermofluid property variables, and compute a coordinate transformation in which one axis of the coordinates is aligned with the liquid and vapor saturation curves. In the saturation-curve aligned coordinates, a spline function represents the thermofluid property function, with coefficients and knots stored in memory. The spline function is constructed in a manner such that derivatives of the thermofluid property function may be discontinuous across the saturation curve.

A method of detecting electrical failure in a refrigeration system is provided. The method includes determining whether a present superheat of the refrigeration system is between a maximum superheat and a minimum superheat for the refrigeration system, the maximum superheat and the minimum superheat defining a normal operating range. The method also includes detecting an electrical property of an expansion valve assembly of the refrigeration system responsive to the superheat being outside the normal operating range. The method further includes determining whether the expansion valve assembly as experienced an electrical failure based on at least the electrical property. A signal indicating that the expansion valve has experienced an electrical failure is generated based on a determination that the expansion valve assembly has experienced the electrical failure.

A vehicle air-conditioning apparatus is provided which is capable of expanding an effective range of a dehumidifying and heating mode to achieve comfortable vehicle interior air conditioning. A control device (controller) executes a dehumidifying and heating mode to let a refrigerant discharged from a compressor 2 radiate heat in a radiator 4, let a part of the refrigerant flow from a bypass circuit (refrigerant pipe 13F) to an indoor expansion valve 8, and let the residual refrigerant flow through an outdoor expansion valve 6. In the dehumidifying and heating mode, the control device has a state of controlling the operation of the compressor 2, based on a heat absorber temperature Te and executes a radiator temperature priority mode which enlarges a capability of the compressor when heat radiation in the radiator is insufficient.

A system for controlling a capacity of a compressor includes a motor of the compressor including a main winding connected at a connection point to an auxiliary winding and a drive configured to control a speed of the motor. The system includes a first switch configured to selectively connect the main winding to either a first line voltage or a first output of the drive, a second switch configured to selectively connect the connection point to either a second line voltage or a second output of the drive, and a third switch configured to selectively connect the auxiliary winding to either a capacitor or a third output of the drive. The system includes a solenoid valve configured to selectively either operate in a first capacity or a second capacity. The system includes a control module configured to control the drive, the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch.

Devices, systems, and methods are disclosed for cooling using both air and/or liquid cooling sub circuits. A vapor compression cooling system having both an air and liquid cooling sub circuit designed to service high sensible process heat loads that cannot be solely cooled by either liquid or air is provided.

An air-cooled progressively two-stage refrigeration system comprising: a compressor; a condenser; and an evaporator, which is connected to the condenser and the compressor respectively, and the evaporator contains a high-temperature portion, a fan, and a middle-temperature portion, the high-temperature portion and the middle-temperature portion are respectively located on two sides of the evaporator, and the fan is set between the high-temperature portion and the middle-temperature portion, and air enters the evaporator from one side of the high-temperature portion, passes through the fan and then is sent out from one side of the middle-temperature portion, and a first evaporation coil is provided in the high-temperature portion, and a second evaporation coil is provided in the middle-temperature portion; wherein the fan accelerates the cooled air in the high-temperature portion to the middle-temperature portion to undergo another cooling process, so as to reduce the energy consumption of the system.

A refrigerator includes a refrigerator cabinet, a fresh food compartment disposed within the cabinet, a freezer compartment disposed within the cabinet, an ice compartment disposed within the cabinet, and an electronic control system associated with the refrigerator and adapted to monitor and control the fresh food compartment, the freezer compartment and the ice compartment. The control system provides for energy efficient control and operation through various means, including by monitoring state of an ice maker associated with the ice compartment and controlling temperature within compartments of the refrigerator based on the ice maker state. A damper controls air flow between the fresh food and freezer compartments. The control system can direct heat to the damper if the damper becomes frozen.

Methods and related systems for controlling superheat in a climate control system are disclosed. In an embodiment, the method includes (a) determining a superheat of a refrigerant downstream of a coil of a heat exchanger of the climate control system. In addition, the method includes (b) determining that an expansion valve upstream of the heat exchanger is fully open. Further, the method includes (c) adjusting a speed of air flowing across the coil or a speed of a compressor of the climate control system after (b) based on the determination in (a) to control the superheat of the refrigerant.