The disclosure is a heat treatment furnace which heats an element wire for a wire electrode to perform a heat diffusion treatment and includes: first, second and third rotary electrodes to which a voltage is applied; a motor that rotationally drives the rotary electrodes; and a control device. The first, second and third rotary electrodes are arranged in a manner that the element wire is laid in a V-shape or an I-shape in an order of the second rotary electrode, the first rotary electrode and the third rotary electrode from the upstream side in a travel direction of the element wire. The element wire is caused to travel, a voltage is applied to the first, second and third rotary electrodes, and a current flows through and heats the element wire which travels in a first heating section and a second heating section.

The present disclosure relates to a tempering furnace for a glass sheet, which has a conveyor for the glass sheet, first convection blow means over the conveyor to heat the glass sheet by hot air jets blown on its top and/or bottom surface, and second convection blow means to help lead pressurized air from outside the tempering furnace to second blow nozzles from which air is discharged as jets towards the top and/or bottom surface of the glass sheet. The heating effect of the air jets on the glass sheet is adjustable by adjusting the feeding of electric current to electric elements inside blowing channels. Blow nozzles of the second convection blow means form blow zones. The heating effect on the glass sheet of the jets discharged from the second blow nozzles inside the blow zones is adjustable by adjusting the blowing pressure of feed pipes.

A microwave heating method using a microwave, including: controlling a frequency of the microwave, to form a single-mode standing wave; disposing an object to be heated in a magnetic field region where a strength of a magnetic field formed by the single-mode standing wave is uniform and maximum; and heating the object to be heated by magnetic heat generation by magnetic loss caused by an action of the magnetic field of the magnetic field region, and/or induction heating by an induced current generated in the object to be heated due to the magnetic field of the magnetic field region.

An apparatus useful in treating a carbon fibre precursor material under predetermined conditions of temperature and gaseous environment. The apparatus includes a housing, and a reaction chamber disposed within the housing. The reaction chamber is elongate and has an entry port at a first end and an exit port at a second end. The entry and exit ports are configured to allow passage of a carbon fibre precursor material into and out of the reaction chamber respectively. A heater or heating system is configured to heat a wall of the reaction chamber. In use, a precursor material is passed through the reaction chamber and is thereby heated.

A rotary bed-type electric furnace includes a rotary bed configured to carry material, and a rotator configured to rotate the rotary bed so that material carried on the rotary bed passes through peripheral zones of the rotary bed-type electric furnace. The peripheral zones include a feeding zone configured to receive material on the rotary bed, a drying zone configured to dry and heat material by means of electrical energy, a heating zone configured to heat material by means of electrical energy, a cooling zone configured to lower the temperature of the material and configured to release gases from the material, and a discharging zone configured to discharge material from the rotary bed of the furnace.

A rotary bed-type electric furnace includes a rotary bed configured to carry material, and a rotator configured to rotate the rotary bed so that material carried on the rotary bed passes through peripheral zones of the rotary bed-type electric furnace. The peripheral zones include a feeding zone configured to receive material on the rotary bed, a drying zone configured to dry and heat material by means of electrical energy, a heating zone configured to heat material by means of electrical energy, a cooling zone configured to lower the temperature of the material and configured to release gases from the material, and a discharging zone configured to discharge material from the rotary bed of the furnace.

A method for heating a blank or a preformed steel sheet component for hot forming and/or quench hardening purposes. In at least some regions, the heating is carried out to a temperature above AC3; the heating of the blank is embodied as a rapid heating and to this end, the blank is heated in a first zone at an average heating rate of >25 K/s up to about 600 C. and above this temperature, is heated at an average heating rate of >10 K/s up to a maximum of the AC3 temperature and then is transferred to a second zone in which the blank that has been preheated in the first zone is heated in at least some regions to temperatures greater than AC3, in particular >850 C., with the heating rate in the second zone being >10 K/s. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method.

A system and method for utilizing corner-cube reflector technology for irradiation control in direct radiant heating systems is described. The system and method has application in many types of direct irradiation heating systems and is applicable to both narrowband or broadband directed irradiation heating systems. The purpose and result of the implementation is to improve the overall system efficiency through the redirection of photons back to a targeted item which is being heated or treated with the irradiation energy.

A microwave heating method using a microwave, including: controlling a frequency of the microwave, to form a single-mode standing wave; disposing an object to be heated in a magnetic field region where a strength of a magnetic field formed by the single-mode standing wave is uniform and maximum; and heating the object to be heated by magnetic heat generation by magnetic loss caused by an action of the magnetic field of the magnetic field region, and/or induction heating by an induced current generated in the object to be heated due to the magnetic field of the magnetic field region.

A heat treatment apparatus includes a furnace body in which a material is transferred and heat treated, a sagger disposed inside the furnace body and configured to receive and transport the material, a roller configured to transport the sagger, and a heater disposed at a position apart from the sagger. The sagger seated on the roller includes a plurality of saggers. The heater includes an upper heater disposed above the sagger and a lower heater disposed under the sagger, based on a third direction which is a height direction of the furnace body, and the lower heater is disposed closer to the roller than to a bottom surface of the furnace body.