A system and method of optimizing water cooling system energy efficiency, including a monitoring device to receive heat data corresponding to heat energy of a unit of water associated with a recirculating water system, power data corresponding to power being applied to the system, and load data corresponding to a load associated with the system. The monitoring device determines a measured metric by calculating a measured rate of water traversing the recirculating water system based on the heat data and determining a ratio of the power data and the measured rate of water. The monitoring device determines an efficiency metric of the system by comparing the load data to a look-up table and, based thereon, calculates a key performance indicator of the recirculating water system as a ratio of the efficiency metric and the measured metric, which is output to a graphical user interface.

In one embodiment, a cooling system includes a thermosyphon cooler that cools a cooling fluid through dry cooling and a cooling tower that cools a cooling fluid through evaporative cooling. The thermosyphon cooler uses natural convection to circulate a refrigerant between a shell and tube evaporator and an air cooled condenser. The thermosyphon cooler is located in the cooling system upstream of, and in series with, the cooling tower, and is operated when the thermosyphon cooler is more economically and/or resource efficient to operate than the cooling tower. According to certain embodiments, factors, such as the ambient temperature, the cost of electricity, and the cost of water, among others, are used to determine whether to operate the thermosyphon cooler, the cooling tower, or both.

In one embodiment, a cooling system includes a thermosyphon cooler that cools a cooling fluid through dry cooling and a cooling tower that cools a cooling fluid through evaporative cooling. The thermosyphon cooler uses natural convection to circulate a refrigerant between a shell and tube evaporator and an air cooled condenser. The thermosyphon cooler is located in the cooling system upstream of, and in series with, the cooling tower, and is operated when the thermosyphon cooler is more economically and/or resource efficient to operate than the cooling tower. According to certain embodiments, factors, such as the ambient temperature, the cost of electricity, and the cost of water, among others, are used to determine whether to operate the thermosyphon cooler, the cooling tower, or both.

In one embodiment, a cooling system includes a thermosyphon cooler that cools a cooling fluid through dry cooling and a cooling tower that cools a cooling fluid through evaporative cooling. The thermosyphon cooler uses natural convection to circulate a refrigerant between a shell and tube evaporator and an air cooled condenser. The thermosyphon cooler is located in the cooling system upstream of, and in series with, the cooling tower, and is operated when the thermosyphon cooler is more economically and/or resource efficient to operate than the cooling tower. According to certain embodiments, factors, such as the ambient temperature, the cost of electricity, and the cost of water, among others, are used to determine whether to operate the thermosyphon cooler, the cooling tower, or both.

In one embodiment, a cooling system includes a thermosyphon cooler that cools a cooling fluid through dry cooling and a cooling tower that cools a cooling fluid through evaporative cooling. The thermosyphon cooler uses natural convection to circulate a refrigerant between a shell and tube evaporator and an air cooled condenser. The thermosyphon cooler is located in the cooling system upstream of, and in series with, the cooling tower, and is operated when the thermosyphon cooler is more economically and/or resource efficient to operate than the cooling tower. According to certain embodiments, factors, such as the ambient temperature, the cost of electricity, and the cost of water, among others, are used to determine whether to operate the thermosyphon cooler, the cooling tower, or both.

A heat dissipation system apparatus and method of operation using hygroscopic working fluid for use in a wide variety of environments for absorbed water in the hygroscopic working fluid to be released to minimize water consumption in the heat dissipation system apparatus for effective cooling in environments having little available water for use in cooling systems. The system comprises a low-volatility, hygroscopic working fluid to reject thermal energy directly to ambient air. The low-volatility and hygroscopic nature of the working fluid prevents complete evaporation of the fluid and a net consumption of water for cooling, and direct-contact heat exchange allows for the creation of large interfacial surface areas for effective heat transfer. Specific methods of operation prevent the crystallization of the desiccant from the hygrosopic working fluid under various environmental conditions.

A heat dissipation system apparatus and method of operation using hygroscopic working fluid for use in a wide variety of environments for absorbed water in the hygroscopic working fluid to be released to minimize water consumption in the heat dissipation system apparatus for effective cooling in environments having little available water for use in cooling systems. The system comprises a low-volatility, hygroscopic working fluid to reject thermal energy directly to ambient air. The low-volatility and hygroscopic nature of the working fluid prevents complete evaporation of the fluid and a net consumption of water for cooling, and direct-contact heat exchange allows for the creation of large interfacial surface areas for effective heat transfer. Specific methods of operation prevent the crystallization of the desiccant from the hygrosopic working fluid under various environmental conditions.

A heat exchange system comprises vertical centermost plenum surrounded by the heat exchange coil and housed in a plurality of side panels and a base, the plurality of side panels have air intakes that communicate outside air into the cabinet above the heat exchange coil and sprayers, a stream of spray water and air is drawn downwardly over a heat exchange coil, a portion of the spray water is separated from the air by drawing the air inward to the plenum, the air is then drawn upwardly within the plenum to an exhaust external to the enclosure.

A heat exchange system comprises vertical centermost plenum surrounded by the heat exchange coil and housed in a plurality of side panels and a base, the plurality of side panels have air intakes that communicate outside air into the cabinet above the heat exchange coil and sprayers, a stream of spray water and air is drawn downwardly over a heat exchange coil, a portion of the spray water is separated from the air by drawing the air inward to the plenum, the air is then drawn upwardly within the plenum to an exhaust external to the enclosure.

Methods and systems for the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons include a direct contact condenser to remove compounds from an offgas process stream. The reduction of compounds can decrease duty on the offgas compressor by removing steam and aromatics from the offgas. The dehydrogenation reaction system can be applicable for reactions such as the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to produce styrene, the dehydrogenation of isoamiline to produce isoprene, or the dehydrogenation of n-pentene to produce piperylene.