This disclosure provides a series connected water cooling structure. Each water cooling head includes a housing, and the housing includes a water inlet and a water outlet. The connecting pipes are connected between the water cooling heads to be in a series manner. The connecting pipes are connected to the water inlets of adjacent water cooling heads to configure the series connected water cooling heads. The water-inlet pipe and the water-outlet pipe are connected to the water inlet and water outlet of the series connected water cooling heads respectively. The water-inlet pump and the water-outlet pump are arranged on the water-inlet pipe and the water-outlet pipe respectively. Therefore, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.

A novel heat exchanger and method of heat exchange with a tank for housing a heat transfer fluid, a heater for heating the heat transfer fluid, and a coil around the heater for receiving and delivering a process fluid to be heated are provided.

A water-cooling head includes a casing, a base, a thermal conduction structure and a pump. An active space is defined by the base and the casing collaboratively. A working medium is filled in the active space. The pump includes a fixing element, a shaft and an impeller. After the fixing element is fixed, the fixing element is contacted with the base or contacted with the thermal conduction structure, and the shaft is fixed on the fixing element. Consequently, the impeller is stably rotated about the shaft, and the performance and the reliability of the water-cooling head are enhanced.

A cooling apparatus is disclosed with a base plate for receiving a heat load from an electric component, an evaporator, a condenser, and a connecting piece for passing fluid from the evaporator to the condenser. In order to efficiently fill the evaporator, the cooling apparatus is provided with a pump for pumping fluid from the condenser to the evaporator.

A chilled water cooling system includes a natural cooling circuit and a mechanical cooling circuit. The natural cooling circuit includes a natural cooler, a chilled water main pump, at least one first pipeline, and a terminal heat exchanger connected in series. The terminal heat exchanger is disposed at a location in need of cooling. The mechanical cooling circuit includes a chilled water main machine, a chilled water auxiliary pump, and at least one second pipeline connected in series. The mechanical cooling circuit is connected in parallel with the natural cooling circuit through a controllable connecting device.

A heat dissipation device includes a storage structure, plural pipes, plural heat sink fin groups and a vaporization-enhancing structure. The heat sink fin groups are disposed on outer surfaces of the pipes. The storage structure includes a chamber. The storage structure is in thermal contact with a heat source. Each pipe has a channel. A first end of the channel is in fluid communication with the chamber. A working medium is filled in the chamber and the channels of the pipes. The vaporization-enhancing structure is disposed within the chamber and in thermal contact with at least a portion of the working medium. After the vaporization-enhancing structure receives heat energy from the heat source, the heat energy is transferred to the working medium. The vaporization-enhancing structure facilitates liquid-gas transformation of the working medium. Consequently, the working medium moves toward a second end of the first channel.

A vapor-liquid phase fluid heat transfer module includes: at least one evaporator having a first chamber inside, which containing a first working medium; at least one evaporator tube body having a first end, a second end and a condensation section positioned, the first and second ends communicating with the first chamber of the at least one evaporator to form a loop of the first working medium; at least one heat exchanger having a heat exchange chamber, a first face and a second face for the condensation section of the evaporator tube body to attach to; and at least one heat sink tube body, which communicating with the heat exchange chamber of the at least one heat exchanger and the at least one heat sink to form a loop of the second working medium.

A method and system for cooling sulfuric acid aqueous solutions (H.sub.2SO.sub.4) belonging to the field of chemical processes, which is part of a contact process for production of sulfuric acid with or without energy recovery. The method comprises absorption of SO.sub.3, which produces heated concentrated sulfuric acid and indirectly cooling the hot acid. The method uses a sulfuric acid-inert coolant. A cooling step comprises an intermediate indirect acid-fluid cooling and a second fluid-water or fluid indirect cooling stepthird fluid, wherein when the process is of the type with energy recovery. A third step includes energy recovery, steam generation. A system to perform the method, which works next to the SO.sub.3 absorption tower comprises an acid cooling loop consisting of an intermediate acid-fluid heat exchanger; a second fluid-water heat exchanger, and when the process is of the type with energy recovery, said equipment further includes a steam generation boiler.

A thermosyphon-type heat dissipation device includes a heat-absorbing head and a radiator. The heat-absorbing head includes a first outlet, a first inlet, an evaporation chamber and a liquid return chamber. The first outlet is connected with the evaporation chamber. The first inlet is connected with the liquid return chamber. The evaporation chamber and the liquid return chamber are in communication with each other through a gap. An inner space of the evaporation chamber is larger than an inner space of the liquid return chamber. The radiator includes a second inlet and a second outlet. The second inlet is in communication with the first outlet. The second outlet is in communication with the first inlet.

A technique facilitates removal of heat. The technique involves moving a process fluid through a buffer tank which is combined with a heat exchange system. The heat exchange system includes a conduit carrying a coolant fluid which removes excess heat from a heat source. The conduit is routed to the buffer tank so that the cooler process fluid moving through the buffer tank is able to remove heat from the coolant fluid before it is routed back to the heat source for continued heat removal. In a well application, for example, a heat source, e.g. an electric motor, may be located on a transport vehicle and cooled by the coolant fluid. The heat transferred to the coolant fluid from the heat source is removed by routing the coolant fluid through the conduit associated with the buffer tank. This enables the cooler process fluid in the buffer tank to be used in lowering the temperature of the coolant fluid.