A heat-radiation apparatus includes a housing and a plurality of heat-radiation modules which are aligned in a vertically-slanted manner with a predetermined inclination angle to a vertical line in the housing. A plurality of heat-radiation modules includes a plurality of heat exchangers which is aligned together in parallel and equipped with a plurality of fans to parallelize axial lines thereof with each other. In a manufacturing method of the heat-radiation apparatus, the number of heat-radiation modules is adjusted according to a radiation amount which is determined in advance.

A heat exchanger includes a metal fiber structure (20) formed from metal fibers, and a housing body (for example, a pipe (10)) in which the metal fiber structure (20) is housed, and a gap is formed at least partially between the metal fiber structure (20) housed in the housing body and an inner surface of the housing body.

In one instance, a multistage microchannel condenser is provided for use as an aspect of a heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The multistage microchannel condenser includes at least two pluralities of flat tubes having microchannels, each associated with a different refrigeration circuit, that are interspersed so that when only one refrigeration circuit is operational, the multistage microchannel condenser still does not have any substantial thermal dead spots. Manifolds are used on each end of the multistage microchannel condenser to fluidly couple members of the at least two pluralities of flat tubes such that the refrigerant in each refrigeration circuit remains separated while still using a majority of the area of the face of the multistage microchannel condenser. Other aspects are presented.

A heat exchanger includes a frame and a plurality of coil passes disposed within the frame. The plurality of coil passes is configured to direct a flow of a refrigerant therethrough to transfer heat with an air flow passing over the heat exchanger. The plurality of coil passes include a U-bend disposed between first and second linear portions of the plurality of coil passes to redirect the refrigerant from a first longitudinal end of the heat exchanger to a second longitudinal end of the heat exchanger. Additionally, a first plurality of fins is disposed on an outer surface the U-bend.

A heat exchanger having an outer tube through which a heating or cooling medium flows, a heat source that heats or cools the outer tube at a middle position at the exterior, and a heat-exchange part which can perform a heat exchange between the heating or cooling medium flows in the outer tube and the heat source; the heat-exchange part is provided with a porous body in a cylindrical shape being in close contact with an inner peripheral surface of the outer tube, at least one inside channel that is formed inside the porous body, and at least one valve that opens and closes the inside channel; and continuous pores that communicate with both ends of the flow direction of the heating or cooling medium and through which the heating or cooling medium can flow are formed.

A heat exchanger having an outer tube through which a heating or cooling medium flows, a heat source that heats or cools the outer tube at a middle position at the exterior, and a heat-exchange part which can perform a heat exchange between the heating or cooling medium flows in the outer tube and the heat source; the heat-exchange part is provided with a porous body in a cylindrical shape being in close contact with an inner peripheral surface of the outer tube, at least one inside channel that is formed inside the porous body, and at least one valve that opens and closes the inside channel; and continuous pores that communicate with both ends of the flow direction of the heating or cooling medium and through which the heating or cooling medium can flow are formed.

A layered diffuser-channel heat exchanger may comprise a plurality of fluid channel layers and a plurality of diffuser fin layers interleaved with the plurality of fluid channel layers. Each fluid channel layer of the plurality of fluid channel layers may have a first surface, a second surface opposite the first surface, and a fluid channel located between the first surface and the second surface.

A heat exchange device including a center manifold including flow passages configured to exchange heat between heat exchange fluid within the flow passages and fluid external of the flow passages, wherein adjacent ends of adjacent flow passages each direct fluid flow in opposite directions, at least one separator plate arranged within the center manifold, wherein the inlet and the outlet of each flow passage is separated one of the plurality of separator plates, at least one angled center manifold plate arranged within the center manifold, wherein the angled center manifold plate is angled or curved to alter a static pressure profile throughout the center manifold and make more uniform distribution of flow among channels of the flow passages, wherein a downstream end of the at least one angled center manifold plate abuts an arcuate segment connecting adjacent separator plates.

Heat exchangers (also referred to as exchangers herein) are provided that fit within a bottom sump of a distillation column. These heat exchangers may be at least partially submerged in the bottoms fluid of the distillation column so that the exterior surface of the heat exchanger can contribute to the total area of the heat exchanger. The internal configuration of the exchanger allows for annular coaxial flow of the hot fluid (condensing vapor stream) and eliminates the need for top and bottom channel heads.

Heat exchangers (also referred to as exchangers herein) are provided that fit within a bottom sump of a distillation column. These heat exchangers may be at least partially submerged in the bottoms fluid of the distillation column so that the exterior surface of the heat exchanger can contribute to the total area of the heat exchanger. The internal configuration of the exchanger allows for annular coaxial flow of the hot fluid (condensing vapor stream) and eliminates the need for top and bottom channel heads.