Embodiments of a low-voltage, non-primary explosive detonator (110) may include a detonator shell (120) having an open end (122), a closed end (124), and a hollow interior (125) between the open and closed ends. Some embodiments include a reinforcement area of the detonator shell. A pyrotechnical material is disposed within the hollow interior, and a main explosive load is disposed within the hollow interior in between the pyrotechnical material and the closed end. In some embodiments, one or both of the pyrotechnical material and the main explosive load may be multilayered, for example with a density gradient configured to accelerate deflagration. The detonator may further include a fuse head disposed at the open end and in proximity to the pyrotechnical material within the detonator shell.

The present invention provides a polymer ammunition cartridge having a primer insert having: a top surface; a bottom surface opposite the top surface; a coupling element that extends from the bottom surface, wherein the coupling element comprises an interior surface and an exterior surface, wherein the interior surface comprises: a transition region that transitions from the bottom surface to a second segment wherein the transition region has a radius of from 0.02 to 0.2; a first segment extending from the second segment and terminates at a tip, wherein the first segment has a first segment distance from 0.02 to 0.18 inches and the second segment has a second segment distance from 0.02 to 0.18 inches, wherein the second segment has a second segment angle from +3 to −3 degrees relative to the first segment angle and the first segment has a first segment angle from +6 to −6 degrees from perpendicular to the top surface; a primer recess in the top surface that extends toward the bottom surface; a primer flash aperture positioned in the primer recess through the bottom surface; and a flash aperture groove in the primer recess and positioned around the primer flash aperture and adapted to receive a polymer overmolding through the primer flash aperture.

The present invention provides an ammunition cartridge having a primer insert having a top surface opposite a bottom surface and a extraction flange that extends circumferentially about an outer edge of the top surface; a coupling element that extends from the bottom surface, wherein the substantially cylindrical coupling element is adapted to receive a polymer overmolding; a primer recess in the top surface that extends toward the bottom surface, wherein the primer recess comprises a recess bottom and a circular recess side wall; a primer flash aperture through the recess bottom that extends through the bottom surface, wherein the primer flash aperture is adapted to receive a polymer overmolding to form a flash hole; and a groove in the primer recess positioned around the primer flash aperture adapted to receive a polymer overmolding, wherein the groove extends at least partially over the bottom surface and the circular recess side wall and the groove is adapted to receive polymer through the primer flash aperture and over the bottom surface and the circular recess side wall.

The present invention provides a polymer ammunition cartridge having a primer insert having: a top surface; a bottom surface opposite the top surface; a coupling element that extends from the bottom surface, wherein the coupling element comprises an interior surface and an exterior surface, wherein the interior surface comprises: a transition region that transitions from the bottom surface to a second segment wherein the transition region has a radius of from 0.02 to 0.2; a first segment extending from the second segment and terminates at a tip, wherein the first segment has a first segment distance from 0.02 to 0.18 inches and the second segment has a second segment distance from 0.02 to 0.18 inches, wherein the second segment has a second segment angle from +3 to −3 degrees relative to the first segment angle and the first segment has a first segment angle from +6 to −6 degrees from perpendicular to the top surface; a primer recess in the top surface that extends toward the bottom surface; a primer flash aperture positioned in the primer recess through the bottom surface; and a flash aperture groove in the primer recess and positioned around the primer flash aperture and adapted to receive a polymer overmolding through the primer flash aperture.

The present invention provides a diffuser cup or ring adapted to hold a primer used in an ammunition cartridge comprising a bottom surface sized to fit in a primer recess for an ammunition cartridge; a diffuser aperture positioned through the bottom surface and aligned with a flash hole; a cup wall attached to the bottom surface and extending away from the bottom surface; and an interior cavity bordered by the cup wall and the bottom surface and sized to frictionally fit a primer.

The present invention provides an injection molded primer insert for polymer ammunition comprising: a top surface opposite a bottom surface; a primer flash hole aperture positioned in the top surface extending through to the bottom surface; a substantially cylindrical coupling element extending away from the bottom surface forming an interior surface inside the substantially cylindrical coupling element and an exterior surface; a primer recess in the top surface that extends toward the bottom surface, a primer flash aperture positioned in the primer recess to extend through the bottom surface, and a flange that extends circumferentially about an outer edge of the top surface, wherein the flange is adapted to receive a polymer overmolding.

The present invention provides a diffuser cup adapted to fit a primer recess in an ammunition cartridge comprising: a diffuser ring sized to fit in a primer recess for an ammunition cartridge comprising a diffuser top surface opposite a diffuser bottom surface, a diffuser aperture positioned through the diffuser top surface and the diffuser bottom surface such that the diffuser aperture can align with a flash hole, a diffuser neck positioned about the diffuser aperture to extend away from the diffuser top surface, wherein the diffuser neck is sized to fit at least partially through the flash hole; a ring connected to the diffuser neck, wherein the ring comprises a ring aperture connected to the diffuser neck to align the ring aperture and the diffuser aperture; and a cup wall attached to the diffuser ring to extend away from the diffuser bottom surface, wherein the cup wall is configured to frictionally fit a primer and frictionally fit a primer recess.

Disclosed is tagged ammunition, methods for making it, using it and detecting it to reduce gun violence. When implemented together with a smart phone coupled readers, standalone readers, or at a security center, software is included to allow integration of signals detected by multiple readers in the vicinity to map detectable ammunition detected by readers designed to detect tagged ammunition as a proxy for loaded firearms. This makes possible securing an area of interest, when combined with placing of at least one networkable reader in the vicinity of the area of interest; and connecting the one or more readers to a monitoring center. Such monitoring centers may be associated with schools, shopping malls, streets, public meetings, public events, housing complexes, an area being swept for loaded guns, an area being monitored for gang activity, or even a residence.

One embodiment of the present invention provides a stamped metal primer insert for a polymeric ammunition cartridge comprising: a top surface having a stamped flange that extends circumferentially about an outer edge of the top surface; a stamped coupling element that extends from the flange to a coupling tip; a stamped inner coupling element from the coupling tip to a bottom surface, wherein the bottom surface is opposite the top surface; a stamped primer recess in the top surface that extends toward the bottom surface; a primer flash aperture in the primer recess through the bottom surface; and a groove stamped in the primer recess around the primer flash aperture adapted to receive a polymer overmolding.

Various types of structures, along with associated systems, are disclosed herein and configured for responding to an energy wave for changing a state of a mechanism to which said structures are operatively coupled. In at least one embodiment, the structure provides a material selectively changeable upon exposure to the energy wave to cause at least a portion of the material to mechanically degrade from a first state to a second state. When the material is in the first state, the material forms a mechanical or electrical link with the mechanism such that a force or an electrical current can be transmitted through the structure. When the material is in the second state, degradation of at least the portion of the material disrupts the mechanical or electrical link and inhibits transmission of the force or electrical current through the structure.