A rotary machine, for directing a quantity of fluid from an inlet to an outlet, comprises one or more elliptical or near-elliptical rotors having planetary rotation within a housing. The interior cavity of the housing comprises an inverse apex region that is in contact with the rotor during its rotation. In various embodiments the rotor and housing can be symmetric or asymmetric in cross-section. Features are described that can improve the operation of the machine for various end-use applications. Such features include cut-outs that are fluidly connected to the inlet or outlet ports of the machine, mechanisms for reducing variation in output flow rate from the rotary machine, linings for the interior cavity of the housing, pressure relief mechanisms, dynamic apex seals and other sealing mechanisms.

A rotary machine, for directing a quantity of fluid from an inlet to an outlet, comprises one or more elliptical or near-elliptical rotors having planetary rotation within a housing. The interior cavity of the housing comprises an inverse apex region that is in contact with the rotor during its rotation. In various embodiments the rotor and housing can be symmetric or asymmetric in cross-section. Features are described that can improve the operation of the machine for various end-use applications. Such features include cut-outs that are fluidly connected to the inlet or outlet ports of the machine, mechanisms for reducing variation in output flow rate from the rotary machine, linings for the interior cavity of the housing, pressure relief mechanisms, dynamic apex seals and other sealing mechanisms.

A rotary engine where the rotor cavity has a peripheral inner surface having a peritrochoid configuration defined by a first eccentricity and the rotor has a peripheral outer surface having a peritrochoid inner envelope configuration defined by a second eccentricity larger than the first eccentricity. Also, a rotary engine where the rotor cavity has a peripheral inner surface having a peritrochoid configuration defined by an eccentricity, and a rotor with a peripheral outer surface between adjacent ones of the apex portions being inwardly offset from a peritrochoid inner envelope configuration defined by the eccentricity. The engine may have an expansion ratio with a value of at most 8. The rotary engine may be part of a compound engine system.

A pump housing for an eccentric screw pump, with a longitudinal axis and a hollow space constituted running axially between a drive-side opening and a pump-side opening, wherein the pump-side opening is enclosed by a main housing body and a lid fastened removably thereto, wherein the main housing body includes a ring segment-shaped axial guiding surface lying opposite the lid.

Disclosed is a vane pump comprising a cam ring accommodated in a pump housing, a rotor accommodated rotatably with respect to a rotational shaft in the cam ring, and a plurality of vanes coupled to the rotor to discharge fluid, wherein the cam ring has a ring shaped inner profile varied between a maximum radius (Rmax) and a minimum radius (Rmin) in a circumferential direction with respect to the rotational shaft, and the ring shaped inner profile comprises: a cycloid curve passing through a maximum radius point; a circular arc passing through a minimum radius point; and a tangent line connecting the cycloid curve to the circular arc with a tangential curvature.

A vane pump is configured to discharge a working fluid introduced into one side of a rotary chamber formed between an outer cam ring and a rotor to the other side of the rotary chamber, wherein a through slit extending in a circumferential direction of the outer cam ring is formed in a corresponding portion of the outer cam ring corresponding to the side to which the working fluid is introduced into the rotary chamber.

An internal combustion engine includes a housing defining an internal cavity, an inner body sealingly moving within the internal cavity for defining at least one combustion chamber of variable volume, a pilot subchamber in communication with the at least one working chamber, an ignition element in communication with the pilot subchamber, a main injector communicating with the at least one combustion chamber, and a pilot injector having a tip in communication with the pilot subchamber. The tip of the pilot injector includes at least a first injection hole defining a first spray direction and a second injection hole defining a second spray direction different from the first spray direction. The first spray direction extends toward the communication between the pilot subchamber and the at least one working chamber. A method of performing combustion in an internal combustion engine is also discussed.

A rotary compressor is provided that may include a casing, a cylinder, a main bearing, a sub bearing, a rotational shaft, a roller, and at least one vane. The cylinder may include at least one elastic deformation unit to absorb impact with the at least one vane. With this structure, a collision force caused due to chattering of the at least one vane may be absorbed to suppress or prevent friction loss and/or wear between the cylinder and the vane, thereby enhancing compressor efficiency, reducing vibration noise, and enabling fast initial actuation.

A hermetic compressor is provided that may include a cylinder having an inner circumferential surface which forms a compression chamber formed in an elliptical shape; a roller provided to be eccentric from the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder, and configured to change a volume of the compression chamber by being rotated; and at least one vane formed to be withdrawn towards the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder when the roller is rotated, and configured to divide the compression chamber into a plurality of spaces. When it is assumed that on the basis of a contact point where the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder and an outer circumferential surface of the roller are closest to each other, and a first center line passing through a center of the cylinder, an ellipse positioned at a first side of the first center line and forming the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder is defined as a first ellipse, a center point of the first ellipse is defined as a first center point, an ellipse positioned at a second side of the first center line and forming the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder is defined as a second ellipse, a center point of the second ellipse is defined as a second center point, under these assumptions, the first center point and the second center point are spaced apart from the center of the cylinder.

A non-Wankel rotary engine having an insert in the peripheral wall of the outer body, the insert being made of a material having a greater heat resistance than that of the peripheral wall, having a subchamber defined therein and having an inner surface bordering the cavity, the subchamber communicating with the cavity through at least one opening defined in the inner surface and having a shape forming a reduced cross-section adjacent the opening, a pilot fuel injector having a tip received in the subchamber, an ignition element having a tip received in the subchamber, and a main fuel injector extending through the housing and having a tip communicating with the cavity at a location spaced apart from the insert.