Gas turbine engines are described. The gas turbine engines includes a compressor section, a combustor section, a turbine section, and a nozzle section. The compressor section, the combustor section, the turbine section, and the nozzle section define a core flow path that expels through the nozzle section. A cooling duct is provided that is separate from the core flow path. A waste heat recovery system is arranged with a heat rejection heat exchanger arranged within the cooling duct and a blower is arranged within the cooling duct and configured to generate a pressure drop across the heat rejection heat exchanger.

Systems and methods for transferring and converting heat to a power cycle using a plurality of heat transfer fluids, loops and heat exchange devices to convert heat to useful work and/or power. Power is generated using intermediate heat transfer loops (IHTL) and an intermediate heat transfer fluid (IHTF) to cool the hot exhaust power cycle fluid (PCF) stream that is at or above its critical conditions. The temperature of the IHTF can be increased by 100° C., 150° C., 200° C., 250° C., 300° C., 350° C., 400° C., 450° C., 500° C., 550° C. or more by exchanging heat with the PCF, either directly or indirectly.

The present disclosure relates to a power generation system and related methods that use supercritical fluids, whereby a portion of the supercritical fluid is recuperated.

Systems and methods relating to use of external air for inventory control of a closed thermodynamic cycle system or energy storage system, such as a reversible Brayton cycle system, are disclosed. A method may involve, in a closed cycle system operating in a power generation mode, circulating a working fluid may through a closed cycle fluid path. The closed cycle fluid path may include a high pressure leg and a low pressure leg. The method may further involve in response to a demand for increased power generation, compressing and dehumidifying environmental air. And the method may involve injecting the compressed and dehumidified environmental air into the low pressure leg.

Extra heat in a closed cycle power generation system, such as a reversible closed Brayton cycle system, may be dissipated between discharge and charge cycles. An extra cooling heat exchanger may be added on the discharge cycle and disposed between a cold side heat exchanger and a compressor inlet. Additionally or alternatively, a cold thermal storage medium passing through the cold side heat exchanger may be allowed to heat up to a higher temperature during the discharge cycle than is needed on input to the charge cycle and the excess heat then dissipated to the atmosphere.

A turbomachine (105) configured to compress supercritical carbon dioxide is shown. The turbomachine comprises, in fluid flow series, an inlet (201), an inducerless radial impeller (202) having a plurality of backswept blades (211,212) each of which have a blade exit angle (χ.sub.2) of from −50 to −70 degrees, and a fully vaneless diffuser (203).

Systems and methods for coupling a chemical looping arrangement and a supercritical CO.sub.2 cycle are provided. The system includes a fuel reactor, an air reactor, a compressor, first and second heat exchangers, and a turbine. The fuel reactor is configured to heat fuel and oxygen carriers resulting in reformed or combusted fuel and reduced oxygen carriers. The air reactor is configured to re-oxidize the reduced oxygen carriers via an air stream. The air stream, fuel, and oxygen carriers are heated via a series of preheaters prior to their entry into the air and fuel reactors. The compressor is configured to increase the pressure of a CO.sub.2 stream to create a supercritical CO.sub.2 stream. The first and second heat exchangers are configured to heat the supercritical CO.sub.2 stream, and the turbine is configured to expand the heated supercritical CO.sub.2 stream to generate power.

A method to generate electrical power and cold energy from any grade of thermal energy (e.g., ambient, solar, waste heat, geothermal, combustion products, nuclear, or any combination thereof) in a cryogenic, closed loop (e.g., regenerative) cycle is disclosed. The method includes supplying a first stream of a pressurized first fluid in a liquid state having low or above cryogenic temperature range to absorb an externally supplied energy in the first heat exchanger disposed upstream of the first prime mover where the first fluid expands in a polytropic process and is submitted for full condensation or for cooling only by the second stream of the pressurized second fluid in a liquid state having cryogenic temperature in the second heat exchanger disposed upstream of the secondary prime mover, through which the preheated second fluid expands polytropically producing a cryogenic two phase flow that is further submitted to a combination of separators and Joule-Thompson valves to achieve maximum liquification of the second fluid. Non-condensed cryogenic vapor is pressurized in a compressor, with discharge been cooled by the first and/or second fluid and further combined with the second fluid before expansion in the second prime mover. Both prime movers may be operably connected to an electric generator or a propulsion system to produce required electrical power or work. The first and the second fluid may be of the same or a different origin selected from the substances like Air, N.sub.2, O.sub.2, Methane, and CO.sub.2, etc. The cold energy of the first and the second fluid can be used for a regenerative liquification of hazardous combustion emissions, CO.sub.2, and/or liquified industrial gases by individual species for a subsequent storage and sales.

Systems and methods for variable pressure inventory control of a closed thermodynamic cycle power generation system or energy storage system, such as a reversible Brayton cycle system, with at least a high pressure tank and an intermediate pressure tank are disclosed. Operational parameters of the system such as working fluid pressure, turbine torque, turbine RPM, generator torque, generator RPM, and current, voltage, phase, frequency, and/or quantity of electrical power generated and/or distributed by the generator may be the basis for controlling a quantity of working fluid that circulates through a closed cycle fluid path of the system.

The present invention provides a partial admission operation turbine apparatus comprising: a rotor portion rotatably coupled to a rotary shaft of a turbine and including a plurality of rotor blades; a nozzle portion fixedly coupled to the rotary shaft in front of the rotor portion and guiding and supplying a working fluid to the rotor blades through a plurality of nozzle blades; and an inlet disk coupled to the rotary shaft in front of the nozzle portion in a plate shape and having a plurality of admission holes formed therein so as to supply the working fluid to the nozzle portion to partially admit the working fluid into the nozzle portion, wherein each of the admission holes is formed to have a different passage cross-sectional areas, so that the opening and closing of the admission holes are controlled according to operating flow rate conditions to control a partial admission ratio of the working fluid supplied to the nozzle portion. Due to the aforementioned feature, since continuous partial admission can be operated for a supercritical power generation system, it is possible to resolve the difficulties in designing and manufacturing turbines. Also, since the partial admission ratio can be adjusted according to operating conditions, it is possible to improve the performance of a turbine that is operated by continuous partial admission. Furthermore, even if the operating flow rate conditions change in the same cycle, it is possible to operate the same turbine with high efficiency.