To estimate an engine cooling water temperature, four learned neural networks (150A, 150B, 150C, and 150D) are stored, in which weights are learned for the four states of whether the grille shutter (50) is opened and whether air blown by the blower (63) circulates through the air-conditioning use heater (65). The engine cooling water temperature is estimated using any one of the learned neural networks selected from among the four learned neural networks (150A, 150B, 150C, and 150D). An abnormality of the engine cooling water recirculation system is detected based on the estimated value of the engine cooling water temperature.

An exemplary thermal management system includes, among other things, a valve, a radiator loop configured to be connected to the valve, a power electronics loop configured to be connected to the valve, a heater loop configured to be connected to the valve, and a battery loop configured to be connected to the valve. The valve is configured to connect one or more of the radiator, power electronics, heater, and battery loops together and the valve is configured to isolate at least one of the radiator, power electronics, heater, and battery loops from any remaining loops of the radiator, power electronics, heater, and battery loops.

A warm-up method based on a temperature control module, a vehicle, and a storage medium. The warm-up method based on the temperature control module comprises: entering a cold start mode; obtaining current temperature control parameters, the temperature control parameters comprising a current water temperature value, a current engine speed, and a current engine load; obtaining working parameters of a temperature control module according to the temperature control parameters; controlling the temperature control module according to the working parameters to adjust the water temperature to warm an engine, and updating the current water temperature value; and after the updated current water temperature value does not exceed a warm-up threshold, returning to the step of obtaining the current temperature control parameters to enter the next cycle.

An engine system is provided, including an engine having a water jacket, a circulation system that circulates coolant through the water jacket, and a controller. The circulation system includes a radiator passage including a heat exchanger, a bypass passage bypassing the heat exchanger, a flow rate control device, and a thermally-actuated valve connected to the radiator passage and that opens to allow the coolant to pass through the heat exchanger. When an engine load is below a first load, the controller controls the flow rate control device to adjust the coolant flow rate flowing through the water jacket according to the load, by closing the radiator passage and adjusting the coolant flow rate flowing through the bypass passage. When the load is above the first load, the controller controls the flow rate control device so that the coolant flows through each of the radiator passage and the bypass passage.

An example method includes making a first determination that a load of a cooling system of a vehicle is expected to increase and become greater than a capacity of the cooling system; operating, in response to making the first determination, the vehicle in a first mode where a combustion engine and an electric motor operate such that a charge level of a power supply of the vehicle increases or is maintained above a threshold charge level; making, after operating the vehicle in the first mode, a second determination that the load of the cooling system has become greater than the capacity of the cooling system; and operating, in response to making the second determination, the vehicle in a second mode where the combustion engine and the electric motor operate such that the charge level of the power supply decreases or is maintained below the threshold charge level.

An electronic thermostat, into which cooling water is flowed from a cylinder head of an engine through a first inlet, controls the flow rate of the received cooling water supplied to outside ambient air exposure. The electronic thermostat includes a first valve for controlling the flow rate of the cooling water supplied to a first passage for connecting a first outlet of the electronic thermostat and a water pump and includes a second valve for controlling the flow rate of the cooling water flowing through a second passage for connecting the outlet of a radiator and a cylinder block of the engine.

A coolant heater for a vehicle includes: a housing unit having an inlet part through which a coolant is introduced and an outlet part through which the coolant is discharged; a baffle assembly provided in an internal space of the housing unit and having a first flow path through which the coolant flows in a first direction and a second flow path through which the coolant, passing through the first flow path, flows in a second direction different from the first direction; a first heater part provided in the first flow path; and a second heater part provided in the second flow path. The coolant heater makes it possible to obtain an advantageous effect of improving a fast-acting heating performance and heating efficiency.

A system includes a coolant pump and a first rotary valve. The coolant pump is configured to be mechanically driven by an engine and to send coolant to an inlet of the engine. The first rotary valve is configured to receive coolant from an outlet of the engine and to send coolant to a first radiator and a heater core. The first rotary valve is adjustable to a zero flow position to prevent coolant flow to the first radiator and the heater core and thereby increase a rate at which the engine warms coolant flowing therethrough.

A system includes a coolant pump and a first rotary valve. The coolant pump is configured to be mechanically driven by an engine and to send coolant to an inlet of the engine. The first rotary valve is configured to receive coolant from an outlet of the engine and to send coolant to a first radiator and a heater core. The first rotary valve is adjustable to a zero flow position to prevent coolant flow to the first radiator and the heater core and thereby increase a rate at which the engine warms coolant flowing therethrough.

A device and method of providing instruction to a patient regarding the dosing of insulin is provided.